The evolution of parasite virulence and host defences is affected by population structure. This effect has been confirmed in studies focusing on large spatial scales, whereas the importance of local structure is not well understood. Slavemaking ants are social parasites that exploit workers of another species to rear their offspring. Enslaved workers of the host species Temnothorax longispinosu...

This article develops an analysis of how different generations in both rural and urban areas of East Madagascar remember a violent anticolonial rebellion that took place in 1947 and places these memories in the context of various state regimes' efforts to create competing narrations of the events. I show how rural and urban elders, rural and urban youth, and former soldiers remember the 1947 re...

Research objectives: To consider information from historical sources about the ancestors of Uraz-Muhammad khan and elucidate their role in history Kazakh Khanate 15th–16th centuries. materials: The work “Jami al-tawarikh” by Kadyr Ali-bek, medieval written sources, research literature on Results scientific novelty: This paper presents Khan shows each them name his great-great-grandfather, Zhani...

During the ?ield trip to Piedmont and Mountainous Daghestan in 2022 authors studied “Delet- Qaburlar” cemetery village of Nizhnii Dzhengutai, which was capital a major local political entity Mekhtulla Khanate had existfrom middle 17 th century 1867. At cemetery, previousl unsearched tombstones last representatives dynasty were found. On these tombstones, names buried, date their death auspiciou...