Current techniques for creating clouds in games and other real time applications produce static, homogenous clouds. These clouds, while viable for real time applications, do not exhibit an organic feel that clouds in nature exhibit. These clouds, when viewed over a time period, were able to deform their initial shape and move in a more organic and dynamic way. With cloud shape technology we sho...

The torso surface can be represented by any complete set of orthogonal functions, such as Fourier functions. However, unlike the 2and 3-D Fourier representations [20], [21], the surface harmonic expansion method can reconstruct the boundary shapes from an arbitrary set of measured boundary points, regardless of their placement and ordering. In addition, compared to the interpolation techniques ...

The bacterial world is full of varying cell shapes and sizes, and individual species perpetuate a defined morphology generation after generation. We review recent findings and ideas about how bacteria use the cytoskeleton and other strategies to regulate cell growth in time and space to produce different shapes and sizes.

Modeling cell shape variation is critical to our understanding of cell biology. Previous work has demonstrated the utility of nonrigid image registration methods for the construction of nonparametric nuclear shape models in which pairwise deformation distances are measured between all shapes and are embedded into a low-dimensional shape space. Using these methods, we explore the relationship be...

The recent scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) observation of $\mathsf{U}$-shaped and $\mathsf{V}$-shaped spectra (and their mixture) in superconducting ${\mathrm{Nd}}_{1\text{\ensuremath{-}}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{NiO}}_{2}$ thin films has been interpreted as the presence two distinct gap symmetries this nickelate superconductor [Gu et al., Nat. Commun. 11, 6027 (2020)]. Here, using a two-...

Abstract Different from previous discrete element methods (DEM), where irregular 3D particle shapes are approximated by subspheres, vertices, or voxels, this study aims to develop an innovative and computationally effective DEM method directly employing spherical harmonic functions for simulations of irregular‐shaped particles. First, the surface points a represented with only limited number co...

Abstract In this paper, we consider the topology optimization for a bipolar plate of hydrogen electrolysis cell. We present model using Stokes equation with an additional drag term, which models influence fluid and solid regions. Furthermore, derive criterion uniform flow distribution in plate. To obtain shapes that are well‐manufacturable, introduce novel smoothing technique velocity. Finally,...