This report is in two sections: the first describes the flue gas and its treatment in post-combustion capture and the second covers the flue gas in oxyfuel combustion capture. The main components of the flue gas in pulverised coal combustion for postcombustion capture are CO2, N2, O2 and H2O, and air pollutants such as SOx, NOx, particulates, HCl, HF, mercury as well as other contaminants. The ...

In development of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines, simultaneous control of combustion phasing and power output has been a major challenge. In this study, a new strategy is developed to control the engine power output and combustion phasing at any desired operating condition. A single zone thermodynamic model coupled to a full kinetic mechanism of Primary Reference Fuels (...

High-repetition-rate laser-induced fluorescence measurements of fuel and OH concentrations in internal combustion engines are demonstrated. Series of as many as eight fluorescence images, with a temporal resolution ranging from 10 micros to 1 ms, are acquired within one engine cycle. A multiple-laser system in combination with a multiple-CCD camera is used for cycle-resolved imaging in spark-ig...

As emission standards continue to evolve, it is clear that future engine control strategies will involve the integration of combustion optimization, fuel refinement and advanced exhaust after-treatment technologies. The West Virginia University (WVU) Center for Alternative Fuels Engines and Emissions (CAFEE) continues to engage the challenge of future regulation in a multi-pronged approach, inv...

The mutual sensitization of the oxidation of NO and a CH(4)-C(2)H(6) (10 : 1) simulated natural gas (NG) blend was studied under fuel lean conditions (Phi = 0.5) at 50 atm and 1000-1500 K in the UIC high pressure shock tube (HPST). New experimental results were also obtained for the mutual sensitization of methane and the NG blend in the CNRS jet stirred reactor (JSR) at 10 atm. A detailed chem...

PCCI engines can reduce NOx and PM emissions simultaneously without sacrificing thermal efficiency, but a low combustion temperature resulting from early fuel injection, and ignition occurring prior to TDC, can cause higher THC and CO emissions and fuel consumption. In conclusion, it was found that the PCCI combustion achieved by the 2-stage injection strategy with optimized calibration factors...

This computational study examines transient, reactive compressible flow phenomena associated with the pulse detonation wave engine. The PDWE is an intermittent combustion engine that relies on unsteady detonation wave propagation for combustion and compression elements of the propulsive cycle. The present computations focus on high order numerical simulations of the generic PDWE configuration w...

This paper presents the modeling and control of a prototype compact free liquid-piston engine compressor. The dynamic model includes 1) the injection dynamics of the air/fuel mixture, 2) the dynamics of heat release during combustion, 3) the inertial dynamics of the magnetically latched combustion valve, 4) the mass flow dynamics of the combustion and exhaust valves, 5) the inertial dynamics of...

Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) seems to be the most promising solution for gasoline engines in the light of future emissions regulations. This novel combustion technique allows for significant reduction of fuel consumption and engine-out NOX emissions at low and medium engine load/speed conditions. High heat release rate enables realization of the Otto cycle close to ideal, incr...

This article makes the argument that compression ignition combustion processes that are “flameless” with volumetric energy release, described as Low Temperature Combustion (LTC), are a thermodynamic pathway to maximizing the efficiency of reciprocating piston, internal combustion engines. The argument is built from the foundation of determining the maximum theoretical efficiency for an IC Engin...