Live vaccination against polio has effectively prevented outbreaks in most developed countries for more than 40 years, and there remain only a few countries where outbreaks of poliomyelitis by the wild strain still threaten the community. It is expected that worldwide eradication will be eventually achieved through careful surveillance and a well-managed immunization program. The present paper ...

OBJECTIVES Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) has a low profile in urban sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics in many developed countries. The objective of this study was to determine the true prevalence of TV in an Australian urban sexual health setting using sensitive molecular diagnostic techniques. METHODS A cross-sectional study investigating the aetiology of cervicitis in women attendin...

Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) is a coronavirus-induced disease of pigs, characterised by diarrhoea and vomiting. The incidence of the disease had been decreasing since the late 1980s when deletion mutant variants (porcine respiratory coronavirus, PRCoV) of the virus emerged, repressing TGE gradually. Although disease manifestations are infrequent, the virus is still present in pig herds, ...

The WHO European Region has been polio-free since 2002, while in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pakistan and Afghanistan are the remaining endemic countries, where polio circulation has never been interrupted. Recent outbreaks of cases due to Wild Polio Virus (WPV) type 1 have been reported in Somalia and Yemen [1]. In the WHO African Region, Nigeria is the only polio endemic country [2]. Un...

a The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the or...

The JAOO conference in Aarhus, Denmark has become one of the most enjoyable and informative developer conferences in the land of OO. Originally a Java conference, it has expanded to cover a wide variety of topics from MS.NET and Java technology to best practices in software engineering. This year's conference followed on the heels of the Microsoft PDC earlier in the month. Both conferences feat...

O ften clinically suspected, pulmonary embolism (PE) is a potentially fatal disease. Because highly effective but hazardous therapy exists, accurate diagnosis is extremely important. Indeed, much of the research and publications on PE, such as the Prospective Investigation of Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis study, pertain mainly to methods of diagnosis. Prior to the development of imaging techniqu...

The emphasis and direction of orthodontic treatment planning philosophies over the past century is a story almost all orthodontists are familiar with. In the latter part of the 19th century, Norman Kingsley, the leading orthodontist of the era, emphasized the esthetic objectives of orthodontic treatment. In the Kingsley paradigm, the articulation of the teeth was clearly secondary to facial app...

Twenty-four distinct outbreaks of probable chikungunya (CHIK) etiology were identified throughout Indonesia from September 2001 to March 2003, after a near 20-year hiatus of epidemic CHIK activity in the country. Thirteen outbreak reports were based on clinical observations alone, and 11 confirmed by serological/virological methods. Detailed epidemiological profiles of two investigated outbreak...