Intermetallide phase formation was studied in a powdered Fe–Al system under layer by layer laser cladding with the aim of fabricating the gradient of properties by means of changing the Fe–Al concentration ratio in the powder mixture from layer to layer. The relationships between the laser cladding parameters and the intermetallic phase structures in the consecutively cladded layers were determ...

The 1996 centenary of W. K. Röntgen’s discovery of x rays celebrated the penetrating visions offered by these “strange rays.” Aside from their ubiquitous application to imaging the interior structure of visually opaque systems, x rays continue to have important applications in elucidating the geometrical and electronic structure of matter. In addition to the synchrotron radiation facilities, co...

a simple method has been employed to synthesize copper and copper oxide nanoparticles from copper (ii) succinate precursor by thermal decomposition method using oleylamine as a capping agent. the particles synthesized with oleylamine and triphenylphosphine were well dispersed nanoparticles obtained from x-ray diffraction (xrd). the synthesized copper nanoparticles were characterized by uv-visib...

A new technique combining in situ X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation and infrared thermal imaging is reported. The technique enables the application, generation and measurement of significant thermal gradients, and furthermore allows the direct spatial correlation of thermal and crystallographic measurements. The design and implementation of a novel furnace enabling the simultaneous ...

We report the synthesis and characterization of ferrite nanocrystals which exhibit high crystallinity and narrow size distributions. The three types of samples including Zn ferrite, Mn ferrite, and Mn-Zn ferrite were prepared via a non-aqueous nanoemulsion method. The structural, chemical, and magnetic properties of the nanocrystals are analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffra...

X-ray diffraction patterns may be obtained from individual submicron protein nanocrystals using a femtosecond pulse from a free-electron X-ray laser. Many "single-shot" patterns are read out every second from a stream of nanocrystals lying in random orientations. The short pulse terminates before significant atomic (or electronic) motion commences, minimizing radiation damage. Simulated pattern...

We report on the measurement of deep inner-shell 2p X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD) patterns from laser-aligned I2 molecules using X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulses. The XPD patterns of the I2 molecules, aligned parallel to the polarization vector of the XFEL, were well matched with our theoretical calculations. Further, we propose a criterion for applying our molecular-structure-de...

This project investigates the development of automated explosives detection and classification algorithms for increased throughput by using combinations of sensors in an active, adaptive testing scheme. Multi-modal sensors can help find and distinguish the features of existing threats, and even discover and classify new ones. The significance of this project lies in the potential to use multipl...

Measurement of InAsSb bandgap energy and InAs/InAsSb band edge positions using spectroscopic ellipsometry and photoluminescence spectroscopy" The structural and optical properties of lattice-matched InAs 0.911 Sb 0.089 bulk layers and strain-balanced InAs/InAs 1Àx Sb x (x $ 0.1–0.4) superlattices grown on (100)-oriented GaSb substrates by molecular beam epitaxy are examined using X-ray diffract...

A vectorial diffraction theory that considers light polarization is essential to predict the performance of optical systems that have a high numerical aperture or use engineered polarization or phase. Vectorial diffraction integrals to describe light diffraction typically require boundary fields on aperture surfaces. Estimating such boundary fields can be challenging in complex systems that ind...