Economists have heralded the formulation of the expected utility theorem as a universal method of choice under uncertainty. In their seminal paper, Stigler and Becker (Stigler & Becker, 1977) declared that “human behavior can be explained by a generalized calculus of utility-maximizing behavior” (p.76). The universality of the rational choice theory has been widely criticized by psychologists, ...

In this paper, with help of the concept of hyper-rationality, we model the interaction between two investment companies by an important game as trickery game that has special equilibrium which called hyper-equilibrium. In trickery game, one company can choose cooperation with another company until the last moment and finally changes his action to non-cooperation which incur more loss to an oppo...

We propose a new method for constructing rational spatial Pythagorean Hodograph (PH) curves based on determining suitable framing motion. While the spherical component of motion is arbitrary, translation part determined be modestly sized and nicely structured system linear equations. Rather surprisingly, generic input data will only result in polynomial PH curves. provide complete characterizat...

The global objective of open multiagent systems might be in conflict with individual preferences of rational agents participating in such systems. Addressing this problem, we propose a mechanism able to attach incentives to agent actions such that the global utility of the system is improved. Such incentives are dynamically adjusted to each agent’s preferences by using institutional agents call...

In this note, we consider the following rational difference equation: xn+1 = f (xn−r1 , . . . , xn−rk )g(xn−m1 , . . . , xn−ml )+ 1 f (xn−r1 , . . . , xn−rk )+ g(xn−m1 , . . . , xn−ml ) , n= 0,1, . . . , where f ∈ C((0,+∞)k, (0,+∞)) and g ∈ C((0,+∞)l, (0,+∞)) with k, l ∈ {1,2, . . .}, 0 r1 < · · ·< rk and 0 m1 < · · ·<ml , and the initial values are positive real numbers. We give sufficient con...

Prior research has identified agent behaviors or strategies that can develop and sustain mutually beneficial cooperative relationships with like-minded agents and can resist exploitation from selfish agents. Evolutionary tournaments with different strategies can model scenarios where agents periodically adopt strategies that are outperforming others in the population. However, such experiments ...