The GABAergic synapse undergoes structural and functional maturation during early brain development. Maternal stress alters GABAergic synapses in the pup's brain that are associated with the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders in adults; however, the mechanism for this is still unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of maternal restraint stress on the development of Cation-Ch...

The present study assessed the effects of bovine milk-derived lactoferrin (bLf) on distress activities induced by maternal separation in 5- to 18-day-old rat pups. The rat pups were injected with BSA (100 mg/kg, i.p.; control) or bLf (100 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before the behavioral test. Distress activity was estimated by means of recording body movements or ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs). After...

Ventilatory long-term facilitation (LTF; defined as gradual increase of minute ventilation following repeated hypoxic exposures) is well described in adult mammals and is hypothesized to be a protective mechanism against apnea. In newborns, LTF is absent during the first postnatal days, but its precise developmental pattern is unknown. Accordingly, this study describes this pattern of postnatal...

AIM To investigate the effects of L-carnitine (LC) on rats with oxygen-induced retinopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted on 40 Sprague Dawley rat pups. The rat pups were randomly divided into 4 groups: group 1 (n = 10) the healthy control group with intraperitoneal 0.1 mL/day physiological saline injection; group 2 (n = 10), exposed to hyperoxygen, did not receive LC but rece...

In order to induce a range of vitamin A-deficient states in young growing rats and to study the effect of vitamin A deficiency on Fe status, we designed the following two-generation experiment. Dams were fed on diets with one of five vitamin A levels from 2 weeks before and throughout pregnancy and lactation. The pups received the same diets as their mothers both before and after weaning. The f...

OBJECTIVES The effect of litter size and suckling intensity on the expression of KiSS-1 mRNA in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of rats were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty two pregnant and four non-lactating ovariectomized (as control group) rats were used in this experiment. Lactating rats were allotted to eight equal groups. In three groups, litter size was adjusted to 5, 10, or 15 pups ...

The OLETF rat model of obesity (a spontaneous CCK1 receptor knockout) has been extensively studied as model of hyperphagia-induced obesity. In previous studies, young OLETF rats presented abnormal eating patterns (compared to LETO controls) in a variety of independent ingestion and nursing tests during the suckling period. The aim of the present study was to characterize the early emergence of ...

Introduction: Curcumin, a yellow-pigment, found in the popular Indian spice turmeric (Curcuma longa), poses pharmaceutical applications due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and chemoprotective properties. Excessive fluoride causes fluorosis leading to neurodegeneration and associated behavioral deficits, particularly in children. This study aimed at investigating the neuroprotective abili...

Kola nut (from Cola nitida ) is popular in Nigeria and West Africa commonly consumed by pregnant women during the first trimester to alleviate morning sickness dizziness. There is, however, a dearth of information on its effects developing brain. This study, therefore, investigated potential kola structure neonatal juvenile cerebellum rat. Pregnant Wistar rats were administered water (as contro...