In this paper, the parameters of the LTE system in DL are investigated. These parameters include the effect of the Hybrid Adaptive Repeat and Request henceforth (HARQ) on the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Block Error Rate (BLER), and throughput. The paper deals with three cases of Channel Quality Indicator (CQI): 3,7 and 15.The results showed that the HARQ procedure can improve the BLER and the ...

Two cases of primary plastid endosymbiosis are known. The first occurred ca. 1.6 billion years ago and putatively gave rise to the canonical plastid in algae and plants. The second is restricted to a genus of rhizarian amoebae that includes Paulinella chromatophora. Photosynthetic Paulinella species gained their plastid from an α-cyanobacterial source and are sister to plastid-lacking phagotrop...

The development of new antibacterial compounds is an urgent issue to meet the evolution of resistivity of pathogenic bacteria against the available drugs. The objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial compounds from the Antarctic lichen species Ramalina terebrata. A total of five compounds, usnic acid, usimine A, usimine B, usimine C, and ramalin, were isolated by bioactivity...

At Cape Vera, Devon Island (Nunavut, Canada), a colony of northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) concentrates and releases contaminants through their guano to the environment. We determined whether persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from seabirds were transferred to coastal food webs. Snow buntings (Plectrophenax nivalis) were the most contaminated species, with ∑PCB and ∑DDT (mean: 168, 106 n...

We present COBS — a model of a concurrent object-based computational system with handshakes as elementary actions of inter-process communication. Processes are considered to be partial views of the system. Their communication by asynchronous message passing and variable sharing is modeled by elementary processes on the same abstraction level. The same acts of computation and communication can b...