Since the initial discovery of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (3',5'AM{P) by Rall, Sutherland, and Berthet' and its role in glycogenolysis in the liver,2 evidence has accumulated indicating that this nucleotide is an intermediate in the action of many peptide hormones.3-9 More recently it has also been implicated in the release of insulin from the pancreas,10 the release of amylase from t...

Taylor series methods compute a solution to an initial value problem in ordinary differential equations by expanding each component of the solution in a long Taylor series. The series terms are generated recursively using the techniques of automatic differentiation. The ATOMFT system includes a translator to transform statements of the system of ODES into a FORTRAN 77 object program that is com...

March 2012 A 101 In 1972 David P. Rall, director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), determined there was a need for a journal dedicated to research on human health and the environment, and Environmental Health Perspectives (EHP) was born. The journal published monographs on topics related to environmental human health and research papers based on conference proc...

We recently described an unknown apolipoprotein that is present on the lipoprotein particles isolated from regenerating rat sciatic nerves. In the regenerating nerve, the concentration of this apolipoprotein rises 500-fold over its concentration in the normal nerve. In *is report we have identified the apolipoprotein by partial amino acid sequence analysis as apolipoprotein (apo) D. Characteriz...

Inputs to motoneurons can be amplified and prolonged by noninactivating conductances mediating “persistent inward currents” or PICs. These currents, first identified by Schwindt and Crill (1977), are generated through voltage-dependent channels that have been thought to be confined to the membrane of the motoneuronal dendritic tree (see Heckman et al. 2003). In this issue of the Journal of Neur...

Transgenic mouse lines were produced that expressed low levels of a receptor-binding-defective variant of human apolipoprotein (apo) E, apoE(Argll2, Cys142). In transgenic mice, the human apoE was produced only by the kidney, whereas endogenous mouse apoE was produced mainly by the liver. The plasma concentration of the transgenic protein was about half that of endogenous apoE. The expression o...

The secret of The Secret History of the War on Cancer is prevention, an acutely recognized but long neglected solution to workplace-, environmental-, and public health– associated cancers. Davis begins by asking what we know and how much we need to know about suspected carcinogens before taking the actions necessary to reduce or eliminate exposures to known and suspected carcinogens. Hence prev...

Current natural language interfaces have concentrated largely on determining the literal "meaning" of input from their users. While such decoding is an essential underpinning, much recent work suggests that natural language interlaces will never appear cooperative or graceful unless they also incorporate numerous non-literal aspects of communication, such as robust communication procedures. Thi...

Flat a acrlnisi~ ion for Gronraphic Inlormalion S y s t ~ m ~ is bot l~ t imp ronsumiug and expeiislrc. Most existing work is undrrtakeil usit~g manual methods which sub Cer the additional problrrn ol producing; resuIts whir11 vary arid show iuconsisre~~cy. I\ variety of automatic attd srmi-automatic melllorls liave bWll devclopcd to try lo reduce thcsc difTiculties. F'niortunatcly. many of! he...

A set D of vertices in a graph G is a distance-k dominating set if every vertex of G either is in D or is within distance k of at least one vertex in D. A distance-k dominating set of G of minimum cardinality is called a minimum distance-k dominating set of G. For any graph G and for a subset F of the edge set of G the set F is an edge dominating set of G if every edge of G either is in D or is...