The objective of this study is to use two hydrological indices (coefficients variation and immoderation) analyze the impacts dam management methods on seasonal daily flow rate change downstream three dams: Manouane (diversion-type method), Ouareau (natural-type method) Matawin (inversion-type method). results show that far greater (characterized by an inversion-type than other dams. Moreover, d...

The frequency distributions of surface rain rate are evaluated in the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) satellite observations and the NOAA/GFDL global atmosphere model version 2 (AM2). Instantaneous satellite rain-rate observations averaged over the 2.5° latitude 2° longitude model grid are shown to be representative of the half-hour rain ra...

An intense orographic precipitation event on 5 January 2013 is analyzed using a polarimetric C-band radar situated north of the Alps. The radar is operated at the meteorological observatory Hohenpeißenberg (MHP, 1006 m a.s.l. – above sea level) of the German Meteorological Service (DWD). The event lasted about 1.5 days and in total 44 mm precipitation was measured at Hohenpeißenberg. Detailed h...

Rain cell size is an input requirement for rain-induced attenuation studies. It is useful in estimating the extent of a given radio link path that will traverse the rain medium in a given rain event. The “Synthetic Storm” approach, which requires 1-minute integration time data, is used to derive the proposed rain cell sizes for various climatic zones within South Africa. The conversion of the r...

Propagation measurements at Ku-band over an earth space path have been carried out at Kolkata (22°34’N, 88°29’E) by receiving a signal at 11.172 GHz from the satellite NSS-6 (geostationary at 95°E) since June 2004. The amplitudes of the co-polar signal and the cross-polar component have been monitored along with rain rate and drop size distribution measurements by an optical raingauge and a Jos...

In this paper, we propose an ameliorated physically-based rain rate estimation algorithm for semi-arid regions using the Rayleigh approximation. The proposed algorithm simultaneously uses the reflectivity and the specific differential phase to provide an accurate estimation for both small and large rain rates. In order to validate the proposed estimator, simulated polarimetric rain rate data ba...

Vehicle detection and tracking place a vital role in traffic surveillance system (TSS). In the past, many methods had been introduced and implemented still a challenging issue because of dynamic textures such as rain fall, snow and absence of light. Therefore to overcome these problems introduce a novel tracking algorithm based on background subtraction and morphological operations. Firstly the...

Malaria caused by Plasmodium species, P.vivax, P.malariae, P.falciparum and P.ovale transmitted by female Anopheline mosquitoes poses a diagnostic challenge to medical community world wide. Over 90% of Malaria is caused by P.vivax and P.falciparum. Now malaria is mostly confined to tropical and subtropical areas of the world; the warm climate, heavy rain fall and stagnant water provide an ideal...

In this problem, two types of data will be available. The first type of data we will have is called presence records. Presence records are pixels on the grid map where the species of concern was observed. The same pixel may be present multiple times if the species was observed more than one time within that pixel. The second type of data we will have is called environmental variables. Each envi...

Natural disasters threaten the humans from time immemorial. They are caused both by the processes in the Earth core and Earth surface, or in the atmosphere, and by the processes in the vicinity of the Planet. From the current knowledge it follows that in human system various phenomena take place in the development process that are the expression of its development or of the development of syste...