A new commercial test for hepatis B surface antigen based on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent-assay system was evaluated and compared with other tests already available. It was of comparable sensitivity to the radioimmunoassay test but required less expensive equipment (in terms of both outlay and upkeep) and did not use radioisotopes; the reagents were more stable.

Marine organisms modify the distribution of radioisotopes in the oceanic ecosystem. Various vital processes of plants and animals concentrate elements. The distributions of the biota are often independent of their watery environment; they may actively migrate vertically or horizontally or may remain in place while the water moves past them. In the case of plankton, the concentrating organisms p...

Our work shows that XRD and XRF studies on missions to Mars and Saturn's moons could be carried out using the radioisotopes Rh-101 or Am-241 as sources of radiation. We discuss geological questions which we believe should be answered before any search for biological structures or pre-forms of life. We also suggest a method to produce Rh-101.

The use of radioisotopes and radiation is indispensable in the research of life science, especially in pharmaceutical sciences. Research topics in pharmaceutical sciences are mainly classified into three research fields as follows. (1) Trace elements in living systems and environment, where many kinds of tracers and neutron activation analysis are used. (2) Radioisotopes in the development of n...

We have studied the radioactive line emission expected from solar active regions after large flares, following the production of long-lived radioisotopes by nuclear interactions offlare-accelerated ions. This delayed Xand gammaray line emission can provide unique information on the accelerated particle composition and energy spectrum, as well as on mixing processes in the solar atmosphere. Tota...

We have studied the radioactive line emission expected from solar active regions after large flares, following the production of long-lived radioisotopes by nuclear interactions of flare-accelerated ions. This delayed Xand gamma-ray line emission can provide unique information on the accelerated particle composition and energy spectrum, as well as on mixing processes in the solar atmosphere. To...

Introduction: Growing advances in nanotechnology have facilitated the applications of newly emerged nanomaterials in the field of biomedical/pharmaceutical sciences. Following this trend, the multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) play a significant role in development of advanced drug delivery systems (DDSs) such as diapeutics/theranostics used for simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. Multifunctio...

objective: different categories are available for estimating of radiation dose. radioisotopes with the same energy and almost the same physical properties have similar effects. monte carlo technique is a computerized method based on mathematical simulation of physical processes. the main purpose of this study is to show that beta particles are not able to penetrate deep into the water. also dif...

Electronic components must be tested to allow for safe and reliable missions in radiation environments. The METU Defocusing Beamline (METU-DBL) was installed the R&D room at Particle Accelerator Facility (PAF) of Turkish Energy, Nuclear Mineral Research Agency (TENMAK). This facility established accordance with European Space (ESA), Components Coordination (ESCC), No: 25100 standard con...