Global demand for silver remains steadily to about 1,000 million ounces (28349500 kg), of which around 600 million ounces (17009700 kg) are used in industrial applications. Extraction of silver from the ore is expensive and harmful to the environment and low efficiency. X-ray films represent an important worldwide consumer as research on recovery of silver from exposed radiographic films must b...

Accurate and consistent radiographic interpretation among clinical instructors is needed for assessment of teaching, student performance, and patient care. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if the method of radiographic viewing affects accuracy and consistency of instructors' determinations of bone loss. Forty-one clinicians who provide instruction in a dental school clinical t...

This systematic review evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of radiographic methods employed to indicate presence/absence and changes over time of periapical bone lesions. Also investigated were the leads radiographic images may give about the nature of the process and the condition of the pulp in nonendodontically treated teeth. Electronic literature search included the databases PubMed, Embase a...

A non-film-based system was used to obtain high quality portal film images. Digital portal images were obtained with a computed radiography (CR) system, in which the film is replaced with a photostimulable phosphor plate. Digital processing of portal images enhanced the display contrast using regional histogram equalization. The images were compared to images on radiographic film, exposed in th...

During 1971 and 1972 a detailed study was conducted on a fallow field in the proposed Oahe Irrigation Project to determine the relationship between the tonal variation observed on aerial photographs and the properties of eroded soil. Correlation and regression analysis of digitized, multiemulsion, color infrared film (2443) data and detailed field data revealed a highly significant correlation ...

The influence of deviations in dwell times and source positions for (192)Ir HDR-RALS was investigated. The potential dose errors for various kinds of brachytherapy procedures were evaluated. The deviations of dwell time ΔT of a (192)Ir HDR source for the various dwell times were measured with a well-type ionization chamber. The deviations of source position ΔP were measured with two methods. On...

BACKGROUND Clavicle fractures are common and optimal treatment remains controversial. Recent literature suggests operative fixation of acute displaced mid-shaft clavicle fractures (DMCFs) shortened more than 2 cm improves outcomes. We aimed to identify correlation between plain film and computed tomography (CT) measurement of displacement and the inter- and intraobserver reliability of repeated...

Introduction: Extraoral periapical radiography (EOPAR) is a technique where the film is placed extraorally overlying the tooth of interest and the X-ray beam is directed from the opposite side of the face. This technique was first proposed by Newman and Friedman (2003) and later modified by Chia-Hui Chen et al (2007) to assist certain patient populations who are unable to tolerate intraoral fil...

T HE DEPENDENCE on radiographic information of the acute abdomen in the pediatric patient is frequently more important than in the older individual because of the inability of the young to describe his clinical problems. The single most important radiographic procedure is scout film study of the abdomen, in both supine and upright or decubitus positions. Subsequent upper or lower gastrointestin...

A liquid isooctane (C(8)H(18)) filled ionization linear array for radiotherapy quality assurance has been designed, built and tested. The detector consists of 128 pixels, each of them with an area of 1.7 mm x 1.7 mm and a gap of 0.5 mm. The small pixel size makes the detector ideal for high gradient beam profiles such as those present in intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and radiosur...