[1] Mars Global Surveyor is providing the first observations of transient eddies in the southern hemisphere of Mars. We derive basic properties of the traveling eddies that appear in midwinter (Ls = 134 –148 ) through analysis of radio occultation measurements at 67 –70 S latitude. The dominant mode has a period of 2 solar days and a zonal wavenumber s = 3. Strong zonal variations in eddy ampli...

(1) The structure of the paper is somewhat odd. The introduction is quite long, and the general part is literally loaded with references (there are, e.g. not less than ten references backing the argument that reanalyses are susceptible to deficiencies of the observations (page 9484)). The reference section is therefore almost as long as the paper itself. Compared to the introduction the results...

[1] The vertical and spatial structure of the atmospheric El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) signal is investigated using radio occultation (RO) data from August 2006 to December 2010. Due to their high vertical resolution and global coverage, RO data are well suited to describe the full 3-dimensional ENSO structure in the troposphere and lower stratosphere. We find that interannual temperatur...

White-light measurements made by the SOHO LASCO C2 and C3 coronagraphs and the Mk III Mauna Loa K-coronameter, ranging from 1.15 to 30 have been combined with Kitt Peak daily He I R _ , 1083 nm coronal hole maps, and full Sun Y ohkoh soft X-ray images, to show that the boundaries of polar coronal holes, as determined by measurements of path-integrated density, extend approximately radially into...

[1] Recent radio occultations of Saturn’s equatorial ionosphere by the Cassini spacecraft provide important insight into this poorly constrained region. Twelve new electron density profiles identify a clear dawn/dusk asymmetry as well as two apparently separate electron density peaks. This study uses a 3D general circulation model along with 1D water diffusion calculations to examine the possib...

The relevance of water vapour in atmospheric physics and climate research contrasts strongly with the availability of humidity data in the Arctic. The most extensive humidity data set is based on approx. 80 radiosonde stations north of 60°N, but suffers from two major problems: Sensor diversity and sensor limitations under Arctic conditions, on the one hand, and lacking radiosonde launch sites ...

The properties of the atmosphere of Jupiter are reviewed in the light of observations carried out by the Voyager mission. Solar occultation measurements in the ultraviolet show that the temperature of the upper atmosphere is II00±200K, an apparent increase of about 30% from the value obtained by the Pioneer mission in 1973. Stellar occultation in the ultraviolet indicate that the temperature gr...

The development of the first AGGA (Advanced GPS/GLONASS ASIC) device was initiated within ESA’s Earth Observation Preparatory Programme (EOPP) in order to support the Earth observation applications of navigation signals. After prototyping iterations, the flight component known as AGGA-2 was manufactured under Atmel product code T7905E [0]. The AGGA-2 is a space-qualified digital integrated circ...

In the last decade GPS has become a valuable tool for determining various ionospheric and neutral atmospheric parameters. The presently existing global and regional networks of GPS ground stations (e.g. regional surveying offices, International GPS service IGS) open the opportunity to establish monitoring systems to estimate ionospheric and tropospheric/stratospheric key-parameters (e.g. electr...