rhabditidae is a family of free-living nematodes. free living nematodes due to their active movement and resistance to chlorination, do not remove in conventional water treatment processes thus can be entered to distribution systems and cause adverse health effects. ultraviolet radiation (uv) can be used as a method of inactivating for these organisms. this cross sectional study was done to inv...

( )IR EXPERIMENTS were designed to determine the effects of focused and unfocused laser radiation upon the heads of animals. This report is the result of our first set of experiments. While preparing these experiments, Drs. Sam Fine and Edmund Klein told us of their unreported experiments in which they produced subarachnoid hemorrhage and death in mice within a few minutes by directing an unfoc...

In the moment of any given imaging task and thus over the lifetime of a detector, the deposition of certain amount of radiation dose in an electronic pixel element is inevitable. This radiation effect can give rise to a change of the pixel-element characteristics such as the leakage current of a photodiode and the threshold voltage of thin-film transistors (TFTs) [1], and which may consequently...

The sensitivity of MEMS devices to radiation is reviewed, with an emphasis on radiation levels representative of space missions. While silicon and metals generally do not show mechanical degradation at the radiation levels encountered in most missions, MEMS devices have been reported to fail at doses of as few krad, corresponding to less than one year in most orbits. Radiation sensitivity is li...

Natural sources account for most of the radiation we all receive each year. The nuclear fuel cycle does not give rise to significant radiation exposure for members of the public, and even in two major nuclear accidents – Three Mile Island and Fukushima – radiation has caused no harm to the public. Radiation protection standards assume that any dose of radiation, no matter how small, involves a ...

in this research, the coupling between non-gray radiation and separation convection flow in a duct is investigated numerically. distributions of absorption coefficients across the spectrum  are obtained from the hitran2008 database. the full-spectrum k-distribution method is used to deal with the non-gray part of the problem, while the gray radiation calculations are performed using the planck ...

Following exposure of isolated frog gastrocnemii to high intensi ty x-radiat ion, increased fat igabi l i ty and contracture of the muscles have been demonst ra ted in previous studies (3). The present paper present ing an expansion of these previous studies comprises, first, a s tudy of cold blooded muscle during and after exposure to x-radiat ion and, second, a determinat ion of radia t ion e...

In experimental organisms such as fruit flies and mice, increased frequencies in germ cell mutations have been detected following exposure to ionizing radiation. In contrast, there has been no clear evidence for radiation-induced germ cell mutations in humans that lead to birth defects, chromosome aberrations, Mendelian disorders, etc. This situation exists partly because no sensitive and pract...

The study of the biological effects of ionizing radiation started practically at the same time as the discovery of X-rays in 1895. Since the techniques and methods accepted today to quantify radiation dose were absent at that time, first findings and studies were barely qualitative. Nonetheless, harmful effects to man and to laboratory animal species from ionizing radiation were already observe...