A hitchhiker is a passive radar receiver that relies on sources of opportunity to perform radar tasks.1–4 In this paper, we consider a synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) system with static non-cooperative transmitters and mobile receivers traversing arbitrary trajectories and present an analytic image formation method. Due to its combined synthetic aperture and hitchhiking structure, we refer to th...

A linear array radar can be operated as a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar or a directed beam radar. A MIMO radar transmits orthogonal waveforms on each array element, which can achieve virtual aperture extension. Compared to a directed beam radar, MIMO radar requires longer integration times to maintain the same energy on target. This results in narrower Doppler bins but increased r...

The performance and capabilities of biand multistatic spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) are analyzed. Such systems can be optimized for a broad range of applications like frequent monitoring, wide swath imaging, single-pass cross-track interferometry, along-track interferometry, resolution enhancement or radar tomography. Further potentials arises from digital beamforming on receive, wh...

A novel phase calibration technique for use with the multiple-frequency Range IMaging (RIM) technique is introduced based on genetic algorithms. The method is used on data collected with the European Incoherent SCATter (EISCAT) VHF radar during a 2002 experiment with the goal of characterizing the vertical structure of Polar Mesosphere Summer Echoes (PMSE) over northern Norway. For typical Dopp...

Pulse compression technique is used to enhance radar performance in terms of more efficient use of high power transmitters and increasing the system resolving capability. The polyphase pulse compression codes (P3 and P4) which are derived from linear frequency modulated waveforms have low sidelobes and are Doppler tolerant. To reduce the sidelobes further different types of windows have been us...

We propose a simple solution to the uncertain delay problem in USRP (Universal Software Radio Peripheral)based SDR (Software-Defined Radio)-radar systems. Instead of time-synchronization as employed in (pseudo-) passive radar configurations, which require two or more synchronized receivers, we use direct reception (antennato-antenna) signal in a single receiver system as a reference to the exac...

Introduction: Bistatic radar measurements of the lunar surface are being carried out by the Mini-RF team using Arecibo as a transmitter, cf. Fig. 1. The resulting radar images – the first to be collected at non-zero bistatic phase angle β (between source and receiver) – are being studied extensively to test the hypothesis that water ice resides inside permanently shadowed and perhaps other very...

Background A military aircraft in a hostile environment may need to use radar jamming in order to avoid being detected or engaged by the enemy. Effective jamming can require knowledge of the number and type of enemy radars; however, the radar receiver on the aircraft will observe a single stream of pulses from all radar emitters combined. It is advantageous to separate this collection of pulses...

Space-Surface Bistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar (SS-BSAR) is a sub-class of BSAR, where the transmitter can be any satellite and the receiver could be mounted on an aircraft, a land vehicle or stationary on the ground. If stationary receiver is applied, the synthetic aperture is fully attributed to the moving of satellite. Such a kind of geometry is suited for ground deformation monitoring. Our...

DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) is one of the main technique of spread spectrum system and is the most common version use for military communication. In this paper, I have designed and implemented RADAR (Radio Wave Detection and Ranging) transmitter and receiver using direct sequence spread spectrum for range estimation. Most challenging part in RADAR system is to be getting better accur...