background: there are high levels of sexual harassment in health care systems. also, workplace violence occurs against ethnic and racial minorities. this study aimed to identify the frequency of and the factors contributing to and preventing sexual and racial harassment in the workplace towards health professionals in iran. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted on 6500 out of 57000 ...

In 2003 the Institute of Medicine (IOM) was charged by Congress to examine racial and ethnic disparities in health care. Their landmark report, “Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Healthcare,” brought the issue of health care disparities to national attention. The report concluded that “Racial and ethnic minorities tend to receive a lower quality of healthcare than ...

Social identity is a constant and permanent process that changes social situations based on individual experiences in these situations. Religious and ethnic identities are two dimensions of social identity that are of great importance in Iranian society. Due to the ethnic diversity in Iran and the proximity of ethnic cultures through migration, ethnic identity is noticeable. Religious identity ...

This study examined demographic and psychosocial correlates of elevated depressive symptoms among African-Americans and Whites from comparable socioeconomic and neighborhood backgrounds. 851 African-Americans and 597 Whites from adjacent census tracts were interviewed using previously validated indicators of depressive symptoms, social support, religious practices and various demographic charac...

In this article, we explore the experiences of racial microaggression among migrant nurses in the United Kingdom. Eleven migrant nurses kept a reflective diary for 6 weeks to record and reflect on their experiences of living and working in the United Kingdom. The diary entries were then thematically analyzed. The results suggest that migrant nurses experienced racial microaggression from patien...

In this paper, we investigate racial diversity in avatar design and public discussions about race within a large-scale teen virtual world called Whyville.net with more than 1.5 million registered players ages 8-16. One unique feature of Whyville is the players’ ability to customize their avatars with various face parts and accessories, all designed and sold by other players in Whyville. Our fin...