The effects of argon laser light on endotracheal tubes and gas mixtures have been studied. In recommended use accidental exposure to red rubber and PVC tubes caused minimal damage. Prolonged exposure of PVC tubing and a 2:1 nitrous oxide:oxygen mixture produced a minimal increase in temperature and no detectable increase in the concentration of higher oxides of nitrogen. Transparent endotrachea...

The treatment of lead-containing cathode-ray tube (CRT) glass is an important environmental issue. One approach is the removal of lead by chloride volatilization. In the present work, the reaction of CRT glass with PVC as the chlorinating agent and Ca(OH)2 as the chlorine absorber was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in air. Seven reaction steps occurring at different temperatur...

Hot embossed microstructures fabricated by laboratory and commercial environments have been studied. The laboratory process uses silicon with micropyramid patterns as the mold insert. Fine replication by using Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) has been achieved. The commercial process uses electroplated nickel as the mold insert. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), which has a lower glass transition point t...

Modified poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) films with organic groups (amino group from ethylene di-amine (en) and a suitable aromatic aldehyde benzaldehyde (BEN)) were synthesized by casting using tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent. The doped four metal oxides nanoparticles (NPs), namely: CuO, Cr2O3, TiO2, Co2O3, to improve the anti-photodegradation property. irradiated ultraviolet light resulting damage w...

Phthalates are materials with a wide spectrum of industrial applications. High molecular weight phthalates are primarily used as plasticizers in the manufacture of flexible vinyl. Low molecular weight phthalates are used in personal-care products, as solvents for cellulose acetate, and in making lacquers, varnishes, and coatings [1]. A quarter of the plasticizers produced are made of di-(2-ethy...

One of the utmost man-made problems faced today has been the ever-increasing plastic waste filling the world. It accounts for an estimated 20-30% (by volume) of municipal solid waste in landfill sites worldwide. Research on plastic biodegradation has been steadily growing over the past four decades. Several fungi have been identified that produce enzymes capable of plastic degradation in variou...

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, or DEHP, is a chemical used to soften rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic. Medical devices made of flexible PVC, such as intravenous (IV) bags and tubing, contain DEHP to make them pliable and soft. Animal studies show that exposure to DEHP can damage the liver, kidneys, lungs, and reproductive system, particularly the developing testes of prenatal and neonatal ma...

In this paper, we investigate the issue of extending ATM technology to wireless networks. The PVC(Permanent Virtual Connection)-based handoff scheme is proposed to support the integration of the wireless and wireline networks. Without re-establishing procedure, a mobile connection can be handed over to a new base station through PVC which are reserved for handoff between neighboring mobility-en...

In the Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) industry, proper control of stripper temperature is directly related to product quality of PVC resin. Considering multivariable, strong coupling, nonlinear and time-varying characteristics of the temperature control system for PVC stripper the current modeling method is difficult to obtain a relatively accurate mathematical model. Then, this paper studies the str...