High-voltage transmission lines are the main facilities for power transmission, and they mainly composed of aluminum conductor steel-reinforced (ACSR). Over long-term outdoor use, overhead will encounter lightning strikes, chemical pollutant corrosion, deicing, wind vibration, other external forces. This often results in a series potential failures, such as breakage, strands. In order to ensure...

This study discusses the improvement of surface finish of medium or large holes beyond traditional drilling, boring, rough turning, or extruding by electrochemical smoothing using inserted rib-plate electrodes. High electrical current is not required when the rib plate is used to reduce the engaged area for large hole. Traditionally, the hole polishing requires a sequence of complicated premach...

Thymus-dependent (T) lymphocytes from (2 x 13)F1 hybrid guinea pigs immunized to ovalbumin (OVA) in complete Freund's adjuvant can be stimulated to proliferate in vitro by antigen-pulsed peritoneal exudate cells (PECs) derived from either strain 2 or strain 13 donors. In this communication, we show that the population of primed F1 T lymphocytes which can be activated by antigen-pulsed strain 2 ...

formulation by using chemical penetration enhancers and to study the effect of pulsed current on permeation through guinea pig, Wistar rat and human cadaver skin. Modified Franz diffusion cell was used to study the in vitro permeation across various types of skin by iontophoresis. The thermo-reversible gel was prepared and optimized by cold method using poloxamer 407 as a gelling agent. Thermo-...

Human skin experiences extensive alterations when exposed to a strong electric field. In high voltage electric shocks, tissues in the current path undergo large-scale changes; the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost layer of the skin, loses its barrier function against ionic transport. The primary mechanism of electric field interaction with the skin is the creation of aqueous pathways, which i...

In this paper the transient thermal analysis of 35 GHz pulsed silicon Single-Drift Region (SDR) Impact Avalanche Transit Time (IMPATT) device is presented. A double-iterative field maximum computer method based on drift-diffusion model is used to obtain the DC and high frequency properties of the device. A transient thermal model has been developed by the authors’ to study the temperature trans...

We present a procedure to obtain electron attachment and ionization rates in a pulsed Townsend experiment. Temporal drift currents for electrons and ions are analyzed using electron and ion current models. Measurements are performed in a highly automated pulsed Townsend setup in CO2 to determine electron attachment and ionization rates as well as ion drift velocities of positive and negative io...