abstract background: fatigue and changes in sleep patterns are one of the impressive features in the first year after birth, which havenegative effects on work, family life, and social relationships. therefore, the objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between fatigue and stanford sleepiness with the general health of mothers in the postpartum period. materials and meth...

introduction: management is one of the most important factors for life, development, growth or death of any organizations including hospitals. the power is of one of the main concepts that by focusing on the fundamental and theoretical efforts considered as an important factor at all levels of management and human resources. managers who know the sources of power and are using them, have more e...

nearly three decades ago, the master of public health (mph) academic degree was introduced to tehran university of medical sciences' school of public health, tehran, iran. a new program for simultaneous education of medical, pharmaceutical and dental students was initiated in 2006. talented students had the opportunity to study mph simultaneously. there were some concerns about this kind of adm...

background: some congenital defects can be prevented in the pregestational stage. however, many health professionals are not prepared to provide counselling to couples regarding the same. objective: this study aimed to assess the performance of doctors and nurses from a primary health-care unit in florianopolis, brazil, in preventing birth defects in the preconception period based on the recomm...

introduction: supplementary health care services are provided to offer health care services beyond existing medical services at a reasonable cost to all members. these supplementary health care services contribute to the health and quality of life of the members and therefore membership provides peace of mind and a sense of security. this study aimed at investigating supplementary health care s...

we need effective leadership for provision of enough resources in public health. recent report of medical institution about public health future include excellent advises for community health nurses activities. in this report not only numerous successes of public health have been identified but also methods which public health leaders can use to complete their mission in community have been exp...

BACKGROUND AND METHODS Monitoring use-inequity is important to measure progress in efforts to address health-inequities. Using data from six Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHS), we examine trends, inequities and socio-demographic determinants of use of maternal health care services in Bangladesh between 1991 and 2011. FINDINGS Access to maternal health care services has improved ...

background health expenditures are divided in two parts of public and private health expenditures. public health expenditures contain social security spending, taxing to private and public sectors, and foreign resources like loans and subventions. on the other hand, private health expenditures contain out of pocket expenditures and private insurances. each of these has different effects on the ...