This paper reports the composition and horizontal distribution of an earthworm community at El Molar (Madrid), and the underlying causes of its distribution. Five species of earthworms were found. The most abundant species were Hormogaster elisae, Allolobophora rosea and Allolobophora caliginosa trapezoides, which showed an aggregate-type distribution. Coarse sand, organic matter and nitrogen a...

BACKGROUND South Africa has no policy to prevent malaria in pregnancy, despite the adverse effects of the disease in pregnancy. However, malaria control measures consisting of indoor residual spraying and specific antimalarial treatment have been in place since the 1970s. Information on the burden of malaria in pregnancy in South Africa is needed to indicate whether a specific policy for malari...

Erythema gyratum repens (EGR) is a rare and characteristic, paraneoplastic rash associated with a variety of malignancies, most notably lung, esophageal, and breast cancers. This case report details the appearance, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of EGR. Prompt identification of EGR is essential, as the rash often precedes the diagnosis of malignancy by several months. Urgent patient ref...

Erythema gyratum reopens is a slowly expanding, mildly scaling dermatosis with a "wood-grain" pattern and is seen in patients with an underlying malignancy. To date only 49 cases have appeared in the literature, 41 of which (84%) were associated with a neoplasm, most commonly of the lung. Several patients also had pruritus, palmoplantar keratoderma, ichthyosis, vesiculobullous lesions, and/or e...