The dynamic nature of the master calcium signaling protein, calmodulin, schematically illustrated by snapshots from an interpolation between its calcium-bound state (blue) and its structure bound to both calcium and a peptide derived from one of its downstream cellular targets, myosin light chain kinase (red), generated using the Yale Morph Server and PyMol software. See the special section beg...

A polypropylene microporous membrane (PPMM) was fabricated by thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method. The effects of protein size and structure as well as filtration pressure on the membrane performance and fouling mechanisms were investigated using two different proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and collagen, in dead-end filtration setup. Obtained results showed that, for each pro...

A Monte Carlo method is given to compute the binding affinity of a ligand to a protein. The method involves extending configuration space by a discrete variable indicating whether the ligand is bound to the protein and a special Monte Carlo move, which allows transitions between the unbound and bound states. Provided that an accurate protein structure is given, that the protein-ligand binding s...

Strong binding of dyes to simple globular proteins takes place predominantly in areas overlapping the binding sites for substrates, coenzymes and prosthetic groups, in preference to other regions of the protein surface. The structure of the dyes bears no obvious relationship to that of the normal ligands. It is proposed that this phenomenon is a reflection of the special stereochemical features...

Special operations are so designated for the specialized military missions they address. As a result, special operations present some unique metabolic challenges. In particular, soldiers often operate in a negative energy balance in stressful and demanding conditions with little opportunity for rest or recovery. In this framework, findings inferred from the performance literature suggest that i...

Protein structure classification hierarchically clusters domain structures based on structure and/or sequence similarities and plays important roles in the study of protein structure-function relationship and protein evolution. Among many classifications, SCOP and CATH are widely viewed as the gold standards. Fold classification is of special interest because this is the lowest level of classif...

Protein aggregation is phenomenon wherein protein loses its native structure and aggregates due to the adaption of non-native conformation. Amyloid aggregation formed by the accumulation of various proteins causes many diseases in humans and other organisms. Antioxidants can prevent proteins aggregation. Pulicaria undulata  extract along with phenolic compounds can increase protein stability an...

In this paper, the optical properties of one dimensional fractal structures are investigated. We consider six typical fractal photonic structures: the symmetric dual cantor-like fractal structure, the asymmetric dual cantor-like fractal structure, the single cantor-like fractal structure, the symmetric dual golden-section fractal structure, the asymmetric dual golden-section fractal structure a...