INTRODUCTION This study examines the antibiotic prescription in dentists participated in 9(th) Congress of Iranian Association of Endodontists in Esfahan/2006. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire for this cross sectional study was designed for evaluating the patterns of antibiotic prescription. It included some demographic information, clinical signs, and conditions in need for antibiotic a...

We evaluated the appropriateness of antibiotic prophylaxis administered before surgery at a major referral hospital in Shiraz, against the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists (ASHP) guidelines. Data on surgical procedure, choice of antibiotic and administration were gathered for all surgeries performed on hospitalized patients during 15 days in March 2010. Of 155 patients included in the a...

Clinical commentary only high-risk close contacts of known cases should receive prophylactic antibiotics, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The CDC defines high-risk as (1) infants who are <12 months, (2) those especially vulnerable to the complications of pertussis, or (3) those, such as health care workers, in close contact with high-risk individuals (strength...

Prophylactic parenteral antibiotics have contributed to the present low rate of surgical site infections following hip and knee arthroplasty. Over the past decade, there has been a change in the pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections from hospital-acquired to community-acquired. The findings of recent studies on screening programs to identify carriers of methicillin-r...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Many children with urinary tract infection (UTI) and urinary tract abnormality such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) are given prophylactic antibiotic to prevent recurrence of UTI and permanent kidney damage. Occasionally, children with normal urinary tract receive prophylactic antibiotic to alleviate the patient suffering and family inconvenience associated with recurrent sympt...

can improve outcome. 30 patients were assigned cefuroxime (4&middot;5 g/day intravenously) from admission. In the second group, no antibiotic treatment was given until clinical or microbiologically verified infection or after a secondary rise in C-reactive protein. The inclusion criteria were C-reactive protein concentration above 120 mg/L within 48 h of admission and low enhancement (<30 Houns...

OBJECTIVE Antibiotic use, particularly type and duration, is a crucial modifiable risk factor for Clostridium difficile. Cardiac surgery is of particular interest because prophylactic antibiotics are recommended for 48 hours or less (vs ≤24 hours for noncardiac surgery), with increasing vancomycin use. We aimed to study associations between antibiotic prophylaxis (duration/vancomycin use) and C...

BACKGROUND Surgical site infection is a major contributor to increased mortality and health care costs globally which can be reduced by appropriate antibiotic prophylactic use. In Palestine, there is no published data about preoperative antibiotic use. This study aims to find the pattern of antimicrobial prophylaxis use by evaluating time of the first dose, antibiotic selection and duration aft...

BACKGROUND Bites by mammals are a common problem and they account for up to 1% of all visits to hospital emergency rooms. Dog and cat bites are the most common and people are usually bitten by their own pets or by an animal known to them. School-age children make up almost a half of those bitten. Prevention of tetanus, rabies and wound infection are the priorities for staff in emergency rooms. ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of long-term prophylactic antibiotics for recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in children through meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. METHODS Electronic databases and reference lists of review articles were searched for relevant trials. Outcome measures were recurrence of symptomatic UTI, repeat positive urine culture, new or d...