This simple paper models the production allocation choices of a multinational enterprise (MNE) in a three-country framework -a northern country and two southern countries. The products made in the southern countries are of lower quality, and have higher substitutability than those between the south and the north. We investigate how exchange rates affect production, employment, profits and welfa...

What are the respective roles of the public and private sectors in drug development? This question is at the heart of some policy proposals, such as those that would give the government a share of profits from drugs at least partly developed with federal research dollars. This paper provides empirical data on these issues, using information included in the patents on drugs approved between 1988...

By the mid-1990s, Georgia had lost de facto jurisdiction in most of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Over time, informal trade originating during wartime burgeoned into networks of profit, enlisting a broad spectrum of actors. Scholars have suggested that networks of profit should either eventually harden into state institutions or weaken the state as a result of the economics of deliberate violence...

Climate engineering, or geoengineering, refers to large-scale climate interventions to lower the earth's temperature, either by blocking incoming sunlight or removing carbon dioxide from the biosphere. Regarded as ‘technofixes’ by critics, these strategies have evoked concern that they would extend the shelf life of fossil-fuel driven socio-ecological systems for far longer than they otherwise ...

Abstract: This article analyses the corruption phenomenon in Open Source Software Organizations using a deductive approach. For that purpose, we examine whether there may be corruption motives in such organizations which are not based on the profit motive and give advice how corruption should be dealt with. Our findings demonstrate that although in Open Source Software Organizations there is no...

Since 1980, US corporate valuations have risen relative to assets and operating margins have grown. The possibility of sustained economic rents has raised concerns about economic dynamism and inequality. But rising profits could represent growing returns to corporate investments in intangibles instead of returns to political rent seeking. Using new data on Federal regulation and data on lobbyin...

Many academics, consultants and managers advocate stretch goals to attain superior organizational performance. However, there is limited research exploring the effects of stretch goals on the distribution of performance. We explore the effects of goal difficulty on the mean, variance, and skewness of performance in two experimental studies. Participants were given either moderate or stretch goa...

This presentation will review a few public perceptions of safety in chemical plants and refineries, and will compare these plant workplace risks to some of the more traditional occupations. The central theme of this paper is to provide a "within-the-fence" view of many of the process safety practices that world class plants perform to pro-actively protect people, property, profits as well as th...

limit coverage, and they reap billions in excessive salaries, profits, and bonuses. Look at the facts: United Health earned $2.9 billion last year. WellPoint reported profits of $2.5 billion. For CEO pay, United Health Group’s Stephen Hemsley made $3.2 million. WellPoint’s Angela Braly made $9.8 million. It doesn’t stop there. Former United Health Group’s CEO, Bill McGuire, left his job in 2006...