The entropy production rate (EPR) offers a quantitative measure of time reversal symmetry breaking in non-equilibrium systems. It can be defined either at particle level or the coarse-grained fields such as density; EPR for latter quantifies extent to which these behave irreversibly. In this work, we first develop general method compute scalar Langevin field theories with additive noise. This l...

One of the most important issues in the plant layout design especially in mass production organizations with high inter-plant logistics is‘material flow and inter-plant traffic analysis and its effects on the production capabilities or pauses in production lines. In this paper the inter-plant traffic analysis issue on the basis of single channel queue model (M/M/1) is analyzed in a carmaker c...

Abstract The production rate of SiO gas from industrial quartz and silicon has been investigated by isothermal heat treatment experiments. Mixtures different samples have heated to temperatures ranging 1650 °C 1950 held for 30 120 minutes before cooling. weight loss each sample correlated degree reaction a model the Si + 2 developed based on these values. Five types were used in No significant ...