Numerous adjunct therapeutic agents have been investigated for the treatment or control of fat mobilization syndrome in periparturient dairy cows. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of multiple i.v. injections of 10% butaphosphan and 0.005% cyanocobalamin combination (Catosal, Bayer Animal Health, Leverkusen, Germany) between 1 and 2 wk antepartum (a.p.) on the metabolism and he...

The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy content total mixed rations (TMR) offered high-producing cows from 20 dairy herds Castro, Paraná State, Brazil. average milk yield during sample collection period 38.0±6.8 kg/day, with 3.47±0.25% fat and 3.05±0.18% protein. particle size distribution samples fresh diet leftovers evaluated using Penn State Particle Separator (PSPS) chemical ...

BACKGROUND Urban/peri-urban dairy production and sales has evolved as an adjustment to cope with food security and economic needs for urban dwellers in low-income countries and created an opportunity to transform from subsistence rural lifestyles of dairy farming to commercial engagement in towns. However, urban/peri-urban dairy farms differ in challenges from rural dairy farms and reproduction...

The modern dairy cow has been selected over generations for high milk production, with many successful dairy operations averaging over 13,500 kg of milk per lactation cycle per cow. This amount of nutrient output in the form of milk components puts a tremendous amount of pressure on the metabolism of the dairy cow, especially during early lactation. In fact, it is common to all mammals, includi...

Grazing pastures to low post-grazing sward heights (PGSH) is a strategy to maximise the quantity of grazed grass in the diet of dairy cows within temperate grass-based systems. Within Irish spring-calving systems, it was hypothesised that grazing swards to very low PGSH would increase herbage availability during early lactation but would reduce dairy cow performance, the effect of which would p...

Artificial insemination was used in an attempt to breed three groups of Brahman cross cows on two properties in north Queensland. On one property the attempt was abandoned due to low incidence of detected oestrus in lactating cows. On the other property calving rates following insemination were 20.8% and 16.4% over two years. Vibriosis was one cause of low fertility. Semen was collected satisfa...

the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing progesterone injections by progesterone vaginal inserts on productive and reproductive parameters of lactating cows with reproductive problems after prolonged periods of heat stress. fifteen holstein cows were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: 1) treated with two progesterone vaginal inserts (p4-ins); 2) treated with prog...

The number of dairy cows without access to pasture or sunlight is increasing; therefore, the content of vitamin D in dairy products is decreasing. Ultimately, declining vitamin D levels in dairy products will mean that dairy products are a negligible source of natural vitamin D for humans. We tested the ability of a specially designed UVB lamp to enhance the vitamin D3 content in milk from dair...

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of dietary grain on calcium homeostasis. Six rumen-fistulated dairy cows with 3 or more previous lactations and no history of parturient paresis were randomly assigned to a sequence of diets in a crossover study with 4 periods of 10 days each. Dietary treatments were: A control ration consisting of wrap grass silage alone (1), the con...

In early postpartum, high-producing dairy cows undergo a period of extensive tissue catabolism because of negative nutrient balance. Metabolic unbalances can lead to diseases, which are known to depress fertility in dairy cows. Negative nutrient balance has been associated with compromised immune and reproductive functions in dairy cows, and a compromised immune system leads to greater risk of ...