Standard requirement generation method is a core technique of standard formation. Due to the lack systems approach, missing technical elements, weak correlation between standards and research development(R & D) activities are appeared frequently. Deficiencies in integrity, applicability traceability can be observed noticeably, which makes equipment cannot bring into full play cost reduction...

Quality and safety are intensely related go hand in hand. of the safety-grade equipment is very important for a nuclear power plant (NPP) achieving production goals. During manufacturing components or equipment, deviation from design might occur at different stages various reasons, such as lack skilled manpower, materials, human errors, malfunction violation procedure, etc. These deviations can...

severe accidents of process industries in iran have increased significantly in recent decade. this study quantitatively analyzes the hazards of severe accidents imposed on people, equipment and building by a hydrogen production facility. a hazard identification method was applied. then a consequence simulation was carried out using phast 6.54 software package and at the end, consequence evaluat...

Electronic waste (e-waste) is an emerging health and environmental burden due to the toxic substances present within e-wastes. To address this burden, e-wastes contain various base, rare earth noble metals, which can be recovered from these substances, thus serving as secondary sources of metals. Pyrometallurgical hydrometallurgical processes have been developed extract metals e-waste. However,...

Safer design of process equipment can protect against unexpected events. Two case studies involving the design of a process vessel and the subsequent events will be reviewed. One case study will show how the original design minimized equipment damage from an operational error, and how additional safeguards will prevent recurrence. The second case study will show that over time small process cha...