Administrative claims and electronic health records are valuable resources for evaluating pharmaceutical effects during pregnancy. However, direct measures of gestational age are generally not available. Establishing a reliable approach to infer the duration and outcome of a pregnancy could improve pharmacovigilance activities. We developed and applied an algorithm to define pregnancy episodes ...

Differentiation between travel-related and domestic cases of infectious disease is important in managing risk. Incubation periods of cases from several outbreaks of campylobacteriosis in Canada, Europe, and the United States with defined exposure time of less than 24 hours were collated to provide information on the incubation period distribution. This distribution was consistent across the var...

drought stress is one of the important problems in arid and semi_arid regions. drought stress take place in plants when available water is lesser than evapotranspiration. in order to evaluate the effect of drought stress on morphological traits and yield of three medicinal plants an experiment was carried out during the 2010 year in research greenhouse of faculity of agriculture, ferdowsi unive...

Selecting construction methods, scheduling activities, and planning the use of site space are key to constructing a project efficiently. Site layout and activity scheduling have been tackled as independent problems. Their interdependence is often ignored at the planning stage and may be dealt with—if at all—when construction is underway. Problems that may have had easy solutions if dealt with e...

Climate change is expected to increase the frequency of severe drought events followed by heavy rainfall, which will influence growth and activity of soil microorganisms, through osmotic stress and changes in nutrient concentration. There is evidence of rapid recovery of processes and adaptation of communities in soils regularly experiencing drying/rewetting and lower resistance and resilience ...

cyphomandra betacea (cav.) is a native species from south america that is cultivated because its fruits have a high content of vitamins. in colombia, it is common to find periods of drought between the rainy seasons or during enso events such as el niño. an adequate nutritional status of k+ in plants helps to increase the chance of tolerating the negative effects of drought stress. regarding th...

Drought is one of the most important environmental constraints limiting plant growth and agricultural productivity. To understand the underlying mechanism of drought tolerance and to identify genes for improving this important trait, we conducted a gain-of-function genetic screen for improved drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. One mutant with improved drought tolerance was isolated and ...