BACKGROUND The RATPAC trial showed that using a point-of-care panel of CK-MB(mass), myoglobin and troponin at baseline and 90 min increased the proportion of patients successfully discharged home, leading to reduced median length of initial hospital stay. However, it did not change mean hospital stay and may have increased mean costs per patient. The aim of this study was to explore variation i...

In May 2001, the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) of the National Cholesterol Education Program issued revised guidelines for diagnosing and treating high blood cholesterol.1 These guidelines represent a major advance in risk assessment. They were preceded by the ATP I guidelines (1988), which focused on primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD), and by the ATP II guidelines (1993),...

in this paper we investigate decompositions of submodules in modules over a proufer domain into intersections of quasi-primary and classical quasi-primary submodules. in particular, existence and uniqueness of quasi-primary decompositions in modules over a proufer domain of finite character are proved. proufer domain; primary submodule; quasi-primary submodule; classical quasi-primary; decomposi...

A major contributor to shortfalls in delivery of recommended health care services is lack of physician time. On the basis of recommendations from national clinical care guidelines for preventive services and chronic disease management, and including the time needed for acute concerns, sufficiently addressing the needs of a standard patient panel of 2,500 would require 21.7 hours per day. The pr...

Despite the urgent need for effective antimalarial drugs with novel modes of action no new chemical class of antimalarial drug has been approved for use since 1996. To address this, we have used a rational approach to investigate compounds comprising the primary benzene sulfonamide fragment as a potential new antimalarial chemotype. We report the in vitro activity against Plasmodium falciparum ...

We constructed a number of HXB2 viruses chimeric for the gp 120 glycoprotein derived from a number of viable molecular clones obtained from a primary isolate. Comparative biological characterization of the parental primary viruses with the gp 120.HXB2 chimeras demonstrated identical patterns of cell tropism and cytopathicity. Furthermore, both parental and chimeric viruses were insensitive to n...

When academic researchers participate in commercialization using for-profit firms there is a potentially costly trade-off – their time and effort are diverted away from academic knowledge production. This is a form of brain drain on the not-for-profit research sector that may reduce academic research productivity and adversely impact university performance and long-run economic growth. In this ...

This article examines the impact of a conditional cash transfer programme in Nicaragua on a range of consumption and productive investment measures. Programme effects are estimated using household panel data collected as part of a randomised evaluation. Despite clear evidence that the programme increased current expenditures, there is only limited evidence that it increased investment. An estim...

In recent years, Chinese government attaches great importance to information and communication technology(ICT) application in agriculture. Driven by market profits and financial privilege, information and communication enterprises, agricultural enterprises, research institutes, universities and relative associations have actively involved in ICT application in agriculture for many years. Theref...