The deficiencies of the Medicare program are rooted in its defined-benefit structure and in its use of price controls. Medicare should be transformed into a defined cash contribution made to beneficiaries' private plans or to the traditional Medicare program. The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (FEHBP) is essentially such a system and is a good model for Medicare reform. The FEHBP has...

Abstract Over 140 countries agreed on a fundamental corporate tax reform in 2021 to be implemented 2023 and beyond. To measure its potential effects, we study asset price changes within minutes of the announcements. We construct proxies for reform’s costs regarding U.S. companies’ burdens countries’ public finances. Likely exposed companies exhibit significant negative stock returns. Our lower-...

In France, as in most continental European countries, Þxed-term labor contracts (FTC) have a maximum duration. At the end of the contracts, employers must either transform their FTCs into indeÞnite-term contracts (ITC) or terminate the contracts and pay a termination cost to the workers. In January 2002, the costs of terminating Þxed-term contracts increased from 6% to 10% of the total employme...

According to static models of industrial organization, a rise in competition decreases prices. In this paper, I test whether this conclusion can be reversed in the mobile telecommunications markets where dynamic e ciency e ects might be signi cant. The empirical test relies on the change in the intensity of competition introduced by the entry of the fourth mobile operator in France and the merg...

We develop a partial equilibrium framework to assess the opportunity cost of domestic oil consumption for an oil-exporting country. show that depends on various factors, including constraints which producer is subject and pricing scheme. Moreover, through application envelope theorem, we net welfare gains can be generated from reform price. Our results most efficient policy set price equal cost...

To fully understand and exploit the contents of stock exchange official price lists, an in-depth knowledge local regulations practices is required. This article offers a comparative perspective on discovery quotation two most important Belgian exchanges, Brussels Antwerp, from their establishment in 1801 up to reform 1935.

A recent strategy carried out by the aircraft industry to reduce the total cost of the new generation fighters has consisted in the development of a single airframe with different technical and operational specifications. This strategy has been designed to reduce costs in the Research, Design and Development phase with the ultimate objective of reducing the final unit price per aircraft. This i...

In estimating the cost-effectiveness of diagnostic procedures, it is helpful to treat diagnostic information as a commodity with a unit price. The amount of useful information provided by a test result can be measured in binary units (bits), and the unit price of the information produced by the test result can be expressed in dollars per bit in much the same way that the price of gold is given ...

the main goal of this study is to identify the determinants of the energy intensity in the iranian economy using annual data for the period 1974-2012. changes in energy intensity can be seen as related to three factors including price, income, and autonomous energy efficiency improvements (based on technical progress). moreover the role of energy quality in enhancement of total factor productiv...