We formally and empirically examine the phonological relation immediate precedence, its properties, and further relations that can be derived from it. When each occurrence of a phonological segment in a nonlinear multiprecedence structure is reconcatenated into a linear sequence of copies, reduplication results (Raimy 2000a). A number of consequences arise in the representation of affixes, in m...

We shall denote the partial order (precedence relation) by , where i j means job i must be completed before job j starts. We assume the precedence relation is speciied in the form of a directed acyclic graph G = (V; E) (V is the set of nodes), in which there is a path from i to j ii i j. Goal: Find a non-preemptive schedule on a single machine which minimizes j w j C j. Our problem is NP-hard i...

In the precedence effect, sounds emanating directly from the source are localized preferentially over their reflections. Although most studies have focused on the delay between the onset of a sound and its echo, humans still experience the precedence effect when this onset delay is removed. We tested in barn owls the hypothesis that an ongoing delay, equivalent to the onset delay, is discernibl...

Hard and soft precedence constraints play a key role in many application domains. In telecommunications, one application is the configuration of callcontrol feature subscriptions where the task is to sequence a set of user-selected features subject to a set of hard (catalogue) precedence constraints and a set of soft (user-selected) precedence constraints. When no such consistent sequence exist...

Minimizing the project cost is a task of project scheduling, and usually is a starting point in the optimization about cost, for example the time-cost tradeoff is to compress the project duration from the one with minimum cost. Project cost can be minimized by letting all activities choose their minimum cost durations only when strict precedence relations exist between activities. But if genera...