CONTEXT Serum levels of Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) play a critical role in children growth and in the pathogenesis of several diseases. In addition, recent studies suggest that DDT-derivative organochlorine pesticides (OC-DDTs) could influence IGF levels in human beings. OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Because it has been suggested that IGF-I peak levels at puberty could determine IGF-I levels...

Breast masses are uncommon in childhood. Juvenile fibroadenoma is a rare clinical entity and forms 4% of the total fibroadenomas, and giant juvenile fibroadenoma constitutes only 0.5% of all fibroadenomas. A rare case of bilateral juvenile giant fibroadenoma of breasts in a pre pubertal child who developed mass related complications of ulceration, bleeding and backache is reported here.

UNLABELLED The CAPO Kids trial was a 9-mo, controlled, school-based intervention to examine the effects of a novel, brief, high intensity exercise regime on indices of musculoskeletal and metabolic health in pre- and early-pubertal girls. METHODS A total of 151 pre- and early-pubertal girls (10.6±0.6years), recruited from two different schools consented to participate; 76 in the exercise grou...

To investigate uterine fluid and serum copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) variations during the estrous cycle in water buffaloes, 71 genital tracts and blood samples were collected from the abattoir in Urmia, Iran. The phase of the estrous cycle was determined by examining ovarian structures; 18, 15, 16 and 22 were pro-estrous, estrous, met-estrous and diestrous, respectively. The uterine fluid was coll...

Pyramidal neurons in the neocortex receive a majority of their synapses on dendritic spines, whose growth, gain, and loss regulate the strength and identity of neural connections. Juvenile brains typically show higher spine density and turnover compared to adult brains, potentially enabling greater capacity for experience-dependent circuit 'rewiring'. Although spine pruning and stabilization in...

Circulating levels of LH and androstenedione were measured in 4 groups of 30 cockerels from 3 to 26 weeks of age. Each group was submitted to a different programme of artificial lighting, either a long (16 h) photoperiod, a short (8 h) photoperiod, an increasing (8 h to 16 h) photoperiod or a night-interruption regimen. Measurements were also made of the numbers of spermatozoa ejaculated on a d...

Several lines of evidence indicate one's age at exposure to radiation strongly modifies the risk of radiation-induced breast cancer. We previously reported that rat mammary carcinomas induced by pre- and post-pubertal irradiation have distinct gene expression patterns, but the changes underlying these differences have not yet been characterized. The aim of this investigation was to see if diffe...

BACKGROUND It is usually possible to identify the sex of a pre-pubertal child from their voice, despite the absence of sex differences in fundamental frequency at these ages. While it has been suggested that the overall spacing between formants (formant frequency spacing--ΔF) is a key component of the expression and perception of sex in children's voices, the effect of its continuous variation ...

The present study is aimed to investigate changes in caecal wall histology of quails, during prepubertal and pubertal periods. To this end, forty quails at the ages of 10, 20, 30 (prepuberty) and 40 (puberty) days were slaughtered (10 birds in each sampling time) and histological sections from proximal, middle and distal parts of caeca were prepared and stained with H&E. It was observed that in...

On examination she had densely fused labia minora extending anteriorly from posterior fourchette and partially occluding the introitus (Figure 1). The following new surgical technique was used to treat her. She was prescribed oestrogen cream for local application. During the follow up of two years there was no recurrence. A new method of surgical treatment for recurrent labial adhesions in a pr...