Deregulated wholesale markets for bulk electricity supplies are likely to deviate from the perfectly competitive ideal in many areas where transmission losses, costs and capacity constraints isolate customers from the effective reach of many generators and limit the number of competitors. In those regions where a few suppliers or marketing agents dominate the market, prices may rise wellabove t...

Inverters provided non-sinusoidal voltage or current, and the tooth-slot and winding distribution of the motor could lead to a mass of space harmonic components, severely deteriorating the motor performance. In order to know the cause of electromagnetic thrust and mover velocity fluctuation of low-velocity PMLSM fed by SPWM-VS, the steady-state performances of low-velocity PMLSM are analyzed in...

This paper describes an analytical feasibility study of the use of chemical storage batteries as the power supply for an electric railgun. The railguns studied are capable of accelerating 1 to 10 kg projectiles to 10 km/sec. Batteries were studied because they offer extremely high energy storage density although they operate at low voltage. Thus, an inductive store must be used to provide pulse...

Key features of this waveform are the voltage boost period following each polarity transition and fast current rise time due to that boost. Ideally, the boost voltage would be adjustable. It is expected that adjusting the boost voltage will enable some tuning of the film properties, since it will effectively allow tuning of ion energy within the process. Additionally, adjustable duty, the ratio...

Electrolytic capacitors are used in several applications ranging from power supplies on safety critical avionics equipment to power drivers for electro-mechanical actuators. This makes them good candidates for prognostics and health management research. Prognostics provides a way to assess remaining useful life of components or systems based on their current state of health and their anticipate...

Electrolytic capacitors are used in several applications ranging from power supplies for safety critical avionics equipment to power drivers for electro-mechanical actuators. Past experiences show that capacitors tend to degrade and fail faster when subjected to high electrical or thermal stress conditions during operations. This makes them good candidates for prognostics and health management....

At BESSY the standard 16 bit resolution of the corrector power supplies was insufficient for the continuous orbit drift correction [1]. A new sophisticated design of the analog/digital I/O board [3] increases the resolution of the analog output up to 24 bits without suffering on losses in the long term stability or the dynamic range of the correctors. This is achieved by a cost-efficient board ...

INTRODUCTION The complex electronic systems being designed today often require mixed technologies to incorporate the most efficient balance of performance, speed, power, and cost. In order for one technology to communicate with the other, an interface is needed. One of the most common mix of technologies seen today is high speed ECL with the slower, but very popular TTL and CMOS. To make this i...

Uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) play an important role in interfacing critical loads such as computers, communication systems, medical/life support system and industrial controls to the utility power grid. They are designed to provide clean and continuous power to the load under essentially any normal or abnormal utility power condition. Among the various UPS topologies such as online UPS,...

Negative feedback control is used in switched-mode power supplies to regulate the output at a desired value. The optimum design of the feedback control loop starts with understanding the characteristics of the power stage, which can be analyzed using small-signal modeling. This paper explains the fundamental idea and meaning of small-signal modeling for power supplies and explores the small-sig...