bstract—The capacity of activity-dependent synaptic modifiation is essential in processing and storing information, yet ittle is known about how synaptic plasticity alters the input– utput conversion efficiency at the synapses. In the adult ouse hippocampus in vivo, we carefully compared the input– utput relationship, in terms of presynaptic activity levels ersus postsynaptic potentials, before...

A scaling model is presented to analyze the nonlinear rheology of unentangled polymer melts filled with high concentration of small spherical particles. Assuming the majority of chains to be reversibly adsorbed to the surface of the particles, we show that the emergence of nonlinearity in the viscoelastic response of the composite system subjected to a 2D shear flow results from stretching of t...

The Fokker-Planck equation for the probability f(r,t) to find a random walker at position r at time t is derived for the case that the probability to make jumps depends nonlinearly on f(r,t) . The result is a generalized form of the classical Fokker-Planck equation where the effects of drift, due to a violation of detailed balance, and of external fields are also considered. It is shown that in...

Three types of nonlinear transformations of the joint spectrum in nonlinear joint transform correlators (NLJTC's) are investigated with the purpose of achieving the highest discrimination capability in target location in a cluttered background: logarithmic transformation and the (1/k)th law transformation in combination with the limitation of the signal dynamic range and binarization by thresho...

A k-space pseudospectral model is developed for the fast full-wave simulation of nonlinear ultrasound propagation through heterogeneous media. The model uses a novel equation of state to account for nonlinearity in addition to power law absorption. The spectral calculation of the spatial gradients enables a significant reduction in the number of required grid nodes compared to finite difference...

We study protein diffusion in multicomponent lipid membranes close to a rigid substrate separated by a layer of viscous fluid. The large-distance, long-time asymptotics for Brownian motion are calculated by using a nonlinear stochastic Navier-Stokes equation including the effect of friction with the substrate. The advective nonlinearity, neglected in previous treatments, gives only a small corr...

Multiple classes of interactions may exist affecting one another in a given system. For the mutualistic networks of plants and pollinating animals, it has been known that the degree distribution is broad but often deviates from power-law form more significantly for plants than animals. To illuminate the origin of such asymmetry, we study a model network in which links are assigned under general...

The dynamical backaction from a periodically driven optical cavity can reduce the damping of a mechanical resonator, leading to parametric instability accompanied by self-sustained oscillations. Here we study experimentally and theoretically new aspects of the backaction and the discrete time-translation symmetry of a driven system using a micromechanical resonator with two nonlinearly coupled ...

This paper proposes a robust design scheme for the control of surge phenomenon appearing in a centrifugal compressor. It is known the surge instability in compressor might lead to reduce the operating efficiency and even damage the machinery while both of unstable compressor characteristics and compressor load torque are hard to exactly measure in the practical application. Based on the assumpt...