This paper describes the design and fabrication of ion-sensing electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (EPADs) in which a miniaturized paper reference electrode is integrated with a small ion-selective paper electrode (ISPE) for potentiometric measurements. Ion-sensing EPADs use printed wax barriers to define electrochemical sample and reference zones. Single-layer EPADs for sensing of c...

The basis of potentiometry is the Nernst equation, which relates the concentration of electroactive species at the surface of an electrode (C) to the potential of that electrode (E); that is, for the reaction O + e = R where E is the formal redox potential of the electron transfer reaction. In a potentiometry experiment, the open-circuit potential (i.e., there is no measurable current through t...

This paper presents a feasibility study on the integration of multiple biosensors based amperometric, potentiometric, and impedimetric detection techniques, as well physical sensors single chip. The sensor chip comprises six for in-situ monitoring important process parameters in bioprocess: glucose, lactate, pH, cell density, dissolved oxygen concentration, temperature. wafer-level parallel fab...

Abstract The aim of the study was basic incidence on phenomenon adsorption that occurs at hydroxyapatite/malic acid interface, leading to a change in surface properties hydroxyapatite, Analytical methods used research: X-ray diffraction (XRD) as well by the, adsorption–desorption nitrogen (ASAP), potentiometric titration. specific malic ions hydroxyapatite interface investigated means radioisot...

Most digital waveguide models of woodwind instruments to date have provided only basic control parameters such as frequency, breath pressure, and vibrato. It is clear that if these models are to gain popularity as real-time performance synthesizers or as composition tools, more flexibility is necessary. This paper discusses the implementation of expressive controls for flutter tonguing, growlin...

In a smart solution-processable luminescent poly(norbornene)/oxazine-1 (Ox1) intercalated fluoromica nanohybrid, the supramolecular organization of the Ox1 dyes can be tuned at the nanoscale level and a deep red emission band switched on by inducing a phase segregation of aligned molecules within the fluoromica layered scaffold. By combining low-temperature photoluminescence and ultrafast pump-...

NEW, RAPID, SENSITIVE, AND ACCURATE method for determination of chloride was recently developed and described (1) which eliminates many difficulties inhereiit in other procedures. This method, called the precision null-point potentiometric method, can be applied for accurate determinations of chloride over a wide concentration range, as low as 10 M. and as high as necessary if the sample can be...

Ion-selective electrode (ISE) based potentiometric gas sensors have shown to be promising analytical tools for detection of chemical vapors. However, such sensors are only capable of detecting those vapors which can be converted into ionic species in solution. This paper describes for the first time a polymer membrane ISE based potentiometric sensing system for sensitive and selective determina...

Ionophore incorporated PVC membrane sensors are well-established analyticaltools routinely used for the selective and direct measurement of a wide variety of differentions in complex biological and environmental samples. Potentiometric sensors have someoutstanding advantages including simple design and operation, wide linear dynamic range,relatively fast response and rational selectivity. The v...

Potentiometric sensors that exhibit a non-Hofmeister selectivity sequence are normally designed by selective chemical recognition elements in the membrane. In other situations, when used as detectors in separation science, for example, membranes that respond equally to most ions are preferred. With so-called liquid membranes, a low selectivity is difficult to accomplish since these membranes ar...