BACKGROUND Higher prevalence of concurrent partnerships is one hypothesis for the severity of the HIV epidemic in the countries of Southern Africa. But measures of the prevalence of concurrency alone do not adequately capture the impact concurrency will have on transmission dynamics. The importance of overlap duration and coital exposure are examined here. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We co...

Tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) were used as a sentinel species to monitor the contamination and bioavailability of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the Hudson River watershed. Several tree swallow nest box colonies around and downstream from Hudson Falls, NY, were studied. Tree swallow eggs, adults, and 5-, 10-, and 15-day-old nestlings were collected and analyzed for 103 PCB congeners....

Daily schedules of limited access to food, palatable high calorie snacks, water and salt can induce circadian rhythms of anticipatory locomotor activity in rats and mice. All of these stimuli are rewarding, but whether anticipation can be induced by neural correlates of reward independent of metabolic perturbations associated with manipulations of food and hydration is unclear. Three experiment...

A selective pressurized liquid extraction (SPLE) method was developed for a streamlined sample preparation/cleanup to determine Aroclors and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil and sediment. The SPLE was coupled with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for an effective analytical approach for environmental monitoring. Sediment or soil samples were extracted with alumina, ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To compare the association between different measures of condom use and prevalent HIV infection. DESIGN Randomised cross sectional study to assess association between HIV infection and different measures of self reported condom use. Female sex workers were randomised to one of five different face to face questionnaires on condom use. Three questionnaires used always to never s...

Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), may alter hormonal balance and thereby increase risk of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT). To study the relationship of PCBs to TGCT, prediagnostic serum samples from 736 cases and 913 controls in the Servicemen's Testicular Tumor Environmental and Endocrine Determinants study were analyzed. Adjusted odds rati...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the technical aspects and clinical efficacy of selective embolization for post-endoscopic sphincterotomy bleeding. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed the records of 10 patients (3%; M:F = 6:4; mean age, 63.3 years) that underwent selective embolization for post-endoscopic sphincterotomy bleeding among 344 patients who received arteriography...

BACKGROUND For endoscopic interventions, heparin bridging therapy is recommended in patients who are at high risk from interruption of antithrombotic therapy. Although heparin bridging has been reported to be effective in preventing thrombosis, several reports have raised concerns about increased risk of bleeding. The aim of this study was to clarify complications of hepari bridging therapy in ...

objective: the objective of this research is to examine pcb compounds in the persian gulf in the southern pars area. methods: in the research, 6 stations were sampled: asalouyeh port, kangan site, mehr petro kima petrochemical, 4th refinery in southern pasr, taheri port and aria sasol polymer. to sample water in the stations determined, one-liter sampling bottles of dark glass were used. in eac...