The action for a relativistic free particle of mass m receives a contribution 2mds from a path of infinitesimal length ds. Using this action in a path integral, one can obtain the Feynman propagator for a spinless particle of mass m. Assuming that the path integral amplitude is invariant under the “duality” transformation ds ! LPyds, one can calculate the modified Feynman propagator. I show tha...

Weyl semimetals are paradigmatic topological gapless phases in three dimensions. We here address the effect of disorder on charge transport in Weyl semimetals. For a single Weyl node with energy at the degeneracy point and without interactions, theory predicts the existence of a critical disorder strength beyond which the density of states takes on a nonzero value. Predictions for the conductiv...

The electronic structure of graphene causes its charge carriers to behave like relativistic particles. For a perfect graphene sheet free from impurities and disorder, the Fermi energy lies at the so-called ‘Dirac point’, where the density of electronic states vanishes. But in the inevitable presence of disorder, theory predicts that equally probable regions of electron-rich and hole-rich puddle...

We address the problem of computing the tachyon correlation functions in Liouville gravity with generic (non-rational) matter central charge c < 1. We consider two variants of the theory. The first is the conventional one in which the effective matter interaction is given by the two matter screening charges. In the second variant the interaction is defined by the Liouville dressings of the non-...

Surface charge and isoelectric point of leather play an important role in the production of leather. However, a precise and rapid method for the determination of leather surface charge and isoelectric point is unavailable nowadays due to the complexity of the structure of leather, especially for chromefree tanned leather. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a quantitative determination method...

Topological defects are found in a variety of systems, and their existence is robust under perturbations due to topological nature. Here we introduce type defect electromagnetic waves: spin defects. Such associated with point where the density zero, generically has nontrivial texture surrounding point. Due such texture, possesses quantized charge. We provide examples isolated points, periodic o...