Pneumothorax is the presence of air in the pleural cavity. It can be classified into spontaneous, traumatic or iatrogenic. The majority of pneumothorax cases are spontaneous, which can be further classified into primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) or secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP), defined by the absence or presence of obvious underlying lung disease respectively. The treatment of ...

The clinical course of pneumothorax and its allied conditions was studied in 34 newborn infants who presented over a 2 1/2-year period. We found an overall incidence of 3/1000 live births. 11 term infants without obvious pulmonary pathology presented early (9 within minutes of birth); 6 of these had aspirated meconium or blood. The remaining 23 were preterm infants with hyaline membrane disease...

In human several kinds of electrocardiographic findings have been reported in association with pneumothorax such as decreased and/or alternating QRS amplitude (electrical alternans). However, electrocardiographic changes concurrent with pneumothorax have rarely been discussed in veterinary literature. A 3-year-old male crossbreed dog was presented with a history of car accident. Thoracic au...

We report two patients, who have used Pneumostat to replace the conventional underwater seal drainage system for recurrent pneumothorax. Both patients had required repeated chest tube insertion for recurrent pneumothorax and needed a longer hospital stay. Both patients were able to be discharged with the Pneumostat device and were reviewed in outpatient clinic. Both patients had optimal clinica...

INTRODUCTION The term ‘pneumothorax’ was first coined by Itard and then Laennec in 1803 and 1819 respectively, and refers to air in the pleural cavity (ie, interspersed between the lung and the chest wall). At that time, most cases of pneumothorax were secondary to tuberculosis, although some were recognised as occurring in otherwise healthy patients (‘pneumothorax simple’). This classification...

Pneumothorax is a common problem seen in patients with both acute and chronic medical and traumatic conditions. Its frequency in the intensive care unit (ICU) is estimated at 6% (1). Chest radiography, a familiar technique (2), is the primary diagnostic modality used to screen for pneumothorax, but it has imperfect sensitivity for the disease: Misdiagnosis occurs in 30–40% of patients (3–7). Mi...

OBJECTIVES Supine anteroposterior (AP) chest radiographs in patients with blunt trauma have poor sensitivity for the identification of pneumothorax. Ultrasound (US) has been proposed as an alternative screening test for pneumothorax in this population. The authors conducted an evidence-based review of the medical literature to compare sensitivity of bedside US and AP chest radiographs in identi...

BACKGROUND Pneumothorax is one of the air leak syndrome and is more common in the newborn period than in any other childhood periods. It can be divided into spontaneous pneumothorax and secondary pneumothorax from underlying lung pathology or assisted ventilation. Pneumothorax results in longer hospital stays and even deaths in some cases. To date, there are few studies that focus on identifyin...

The recently published correspondence by Simpson is welcomed in so far as it correctly highlights some issues concerning tension pneumothorax. We agree that there are large differences in the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of spontaneously breathing and mechanically ventilated patients presenting with a tension pneumothorax. It is also well established that hypoxaemia is a consiste...

This case report presents a patient with advanced diffuse panbronchiolitis accompanied by chronic respiratory failure, marked cachexia, and refractory spontaneous pneumothorax. Because instillation of a pleurodesis agent and thoracoscopy were considered highly risky and invasive, we instead treated the patient with intravenous administration of a coagulation factor XIII concentrate, and the pne...