The production of synthetic fuels from alternative sources has increased in recent years as a cleaner, more sustainable source of transport fuel is now required. The European Commission has outlined renewable energy targets pertaining to transport fuel which must be met by 2020. In response to these targets Ireland has committed, through the Biofuels Obligation Scheme of 2008, to producing 3% o...

RATIONALE Little knowledge exists on structural changes and plugging in small airways in cystic fibrosis. OBJECTIVE To characterise the extent of plugging and contribution of secreted mucins to the plugs. METHODS Small airways in patients with cystic fibrosis at transplantation (n = 18) were compared with control non-smokers (n = 10). Tissue sections were stained with Alcian blue (AB)/perio...

OBJECTIVES Among patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, 1-18% have an underlying diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and it is suspected that there is under-recognition of this disease. Our intention was to evaluate the specific features of PCD seen on computed tomography (CT) in the cohort of bronchiectasis in order to facilitate the diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS One ...

A specialized arrangement of gas-puff capillaries and in-situ pressure gauges has been installed in Alcator C-Mod to allow gas conductances and flows around divertor structures to be measured with or without plasma present in the chamber. Results are presented from a series of dedicated experiments performed during the 1020725 run day (MP#313, " Instrumented Divertor Leakage Experiments "). Gas...

BACKGROUND High-resolution CT (HRCT) scan data on primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) related lung disease are scarce. STUDY OBJECTIVES We evaluated the lung disease in children and adults with PCD by a modified Brody composite HRCT scan score to assess the prevalence of the structural abnormalities; to evaluate the correlation among HRCT scan scores, spirometry findings, and clinical data; and ...

The efficacy of the technique of semicircular canal plugging in selectively blocking the function of individual semicircular canals was evaluated in rabbits. The horizontal and vertical vestibuloocular reflexes (HVOR, VVOR) and the horizontal optokinetic reflex (HOKR) were measured before the horizontal or anterior semicircular canals (HSCs, ASCs) were plugged bilaterally with small spindles of...

Successful matrix acidizing for extremely thick carbonate reservoirs with long horizontal well sections and strong heterogeneity requires efficient temporary plugging diverting of acid fluid, ensuring fluid distribution to each production layer. Foamed-viscoelastic-surfactant (Foamed-VES) combines the benefits both foam viscoelastic surfactant (VES) acid, integrating viscous plugging. It can ac...

The SD107 gel system developed has good oil–water phase selective gelation and blocking properties. static gel-forming experiment results showed that the water shutoff formulated with oilfield reinjection (oil content < 0.05%) a viscosity of 200 mPa·s after gelation, plugging produced fluid ? 20.0%) had 26 gelation. Results core physical simulation indicated enhanced recovery rate was highes...

Asphaltene deposition in the pore-throats of reservoir rock reduces permeability, which leads to a reduction oil production. The amount deposited asphaltene is generally expressed by an equation that sums three types deposition: surface deposition, pore-throat plugging, and entrainment asphaltene. plugging accelerated increase asphaltene, termed snow-ball effect. Wang Civan's model commonly use...

In this paper we shortly survey some loop transformation techniques which break anti or output dependences, or artiicial cycles involving such \false" dependences. These false dependences are removed through the introduction of temporary buuer arrays. Next we show how to plug these techniques into loop parallelization algorithms (such as Allen and Kennedy's algorithm). The goal is to extract as...