introduction: hepatitis c virus (hcv) is one of the major medical problems. human and chimpanzees are the only specific hosts which are naturally susceptible to hcv infection. mice and other common laboratory animals are resistant to the virus, hence hcv prophylactic and therapeutic researches are very difficult and challenging. hcv non-structural protein 3 (ns3) is one of the most attractive t...

major salivary gland tumors are uncommon and the exact nature of these tumors is not obvious. this study was carried out to compare the histological results of intraoperative frozen sections against those of permanent reports for major salivary glands masses. one hundred thirty-nine patients with major salivary gland masses who were candidates for surgery underwent an intraoperative frozen sect...

wilms’ tumor is the most common abdominal tumor of childhood, and its cerebral metastasis is apparently very rare. the authors report an 18-month-old girl with wilms’ tumor and brain metastasis.

cancer is a genetic-epigenetic based disease which contains a complex of alterations that cause irreversible transformation of cells with a new anarchic behavior. tumor suppressor inactivation and/or oncogene activation will lead to tumorigenesis. based on the genetic alteration in germ or somatic cells, the affected person will have a different fate of cancer incidence or inheritable cancer su...

the presence of tumor thrombus in the right atrium is frequently the result of direct intraluminal extension of infra-diaphragmatic malignancy into the inferior vena cava (ivc) or supradiaphragmatic carcinoma into the superior vena cava (svc). right atrial tumor thrombus with extension into both svc and ivc has not been reported in the literature. we present a patient who presented with symptom...

circulating tumor cells (ctcs) recognition and characterization in the peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer have proven practical and predictive value in different studies. however, the clinical significance of ctcs enumeration and molecular characterization in thepersonalization of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment remains under the debate. a literature search in pubmed, web of ...

calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (ceot) is an uncommon odontogenic tumor with well-known histopathological features and a challenging treatment plan. although some investigators advocate conservative approach as the treatment of choice, others believe in radical surgical excision to avoid recurrence or malignant transformation. the main objective of this case report is presenting an unus...

calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor is a rare odontogenic neoplasm. its occurrence in the maxillary sinus is very rare. maxillary tumors tend to be locally aggressive and may rapidly involve the surrounding vital structures.  we report a case of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor involving maxillary sinus in a 48 years old female patient with the oral mucosal involvement. the purpose o...

introduction: angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation from pre-existing vessels, has important physiological roles in embryonic development, female reproduction cycle, and wound healing. it is also crucial for pathological processes in several diseases especially tumor growth and metastasis. thereby, inhibition of angiogenesis as an addition to the conventional therapies such as...

abstract meningeal melanocytoma is a rare tumor of nervous system, which originates from leptomeningeal melanocytes. the locations of melanocytoma in the nervous system are most frequently in the posterior fossa or along the spinal cord, and usually appear as an extra-axial mass. the manifestations of tumor are most often due to its compressing effect on adjacent nervous structures that causes ...