background there is inconclusive evidence about the relationship between toothbrush wear and plaque removel. the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of new and 3 month-old toothbrush in the removal of dental plaque. material and methods in a randomized single blind clinical trial 63 students attended from awaz dental school. subjects were divided to three groups. plaque was score...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a commercial lactose-containing stevioside sweetener on biofilm acidogenicity in vivo. Nine volunteers refrained from brushing their teeth for 3 days in five phases. On the 4th day of each phase, the pH of the biofilm was measured by the "Strip method". Interproximal plaque pH was measured before and up to 60 minutes after a 10 mL mouthrinse f...

The purpose of this study was to examine how Co-Cr-Mo dental alloy behaves in the solutions of different pH value and different composition over a relatively long period of time. Co-Cr-Mo dental alloy was exposed in vitro to either simulated saliva (phosphate buffer pH 6.0), a highly acidic medium resembling the extreme conditions in the oral cavity (phosphate buffer pH 3.5), and in lactic acid...

Streptococcus mutans GS-5 and IB1600 adapted to growth in acidic environments in continuous culture at slow (generation time = 8.3 h) or fast (generation time = 2.4 h) rates of growth in complex medium with a restricted glucose supply. The extent of adaptation was indicated by changes in minimum pH values attained by harvested cells suspended in dense suspensions with excess glucose and by incr...

Infection by the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus strain A59 (MHV-A59) requires the release of the viral genome by fusion with the respective target membrane of the host cell. Fusion is mediated by the viral S protein. Here, the entry pathway of MHV-A59 into murine fibroblast cells was studied by independent approaches. Infection of cells assessed by plaque reduction assay was strongly inhibit...

Streptococcus mutans and certain other oral lactic-acid bacteria were found to have the ability to carry out malolactic fermentation involving decarboxylation of L-malate to yield L-lactic acid and concomitant reduction in acidity. The activity was inducible by L-malate in S. mutans UA159 growing in suspensions or biofilms. The optimal pH for the fermentation was c. 4.0 for both suspensions and...

objective bacterial adhesion is governed by specific and nonspecific interactions such as hydrophobicity. hydrophobic interactions play a role in the adherence of microorganisms to a wide variety of surfaces and facilitate biofilm formation due to bacterial adhesion. in this article the relation between cell surface hydrophobicity and antibiotic resistance was studied. materials and methods we ...

abstract background & objectives: honey has been used as a nutraceutical in many traditional and ancient remedies. considering well documented benefits of honey to accelerate wound healing, for the first time we aimed to assess intra oral surgical wound healing process with honey. methods: we designed a pilot randomized placebo controlled cross-over clinical trial. patients who required bilater...

Representatives of three families of enveloped viruses were shown to fuse tissue culture cells together. These were: Semliki Forest virus (SFV, a togavirus), vesicular stomatitis virus (a rhabdovirus), and two myxoviruses, fowl plaque virus and Japan influenza virus (Japan)/A/305/57). Unlike paramyxoviruses, whose fusion activity is known to occur over a broad pH range, fusion by these viruses ...