Twelve patients with a chest tube positioned in the major fissure of either lung were collected prospectively in a two-year period. In eight of these 12, there was evidence of chest tube malfunction, with poor drainage of pleural air or fluid collections; in six of these eight, placement of additional tubes or tube repositioning resulted in improved pleural drainage. In all 12, the tube had bee...

We present a concurrent higher-order programming language called Plain and a concomitant static type system. Plain is based on logic variables and computes with possibly partial data structures. The data structures of Plain are procedures, cells, and records. Plain’s type system features record-based subtyping, bounded existential polymorphism, and access modalities distinguishing between readi...

On occasion gastric ulcers may be recognized on plain abdominal radiographs. A case in which a gastric ulcer was diagnosed on the plain abdominal radiograph, illustrating the importance of careful scrutiny of the plain film in all cases of acute abdomen, is presented. The existence of the lesser curvature ulcer was confirmed on barium contrast studies.

OBJECTIVE To compare transpyloric feeding tube placement using a pH-assisted placement technique versus a standard placement technique in pediatric patients requiring enteral nutrition. METHODS Critically ill children younger than 4 years were prospectively and randomly assigned to either a pH-assisted or a standard feeding tube placement group. Identical pH-assisted feeding tubes were used i...

In this experiment effect of two full and half width sinusoidal inner tubes in triplex-tube heat exchanger with phase change material (PCM) was investigated. Length and diameter of the tubes have been chosen such that the area of each tube to be the same. Charging and discharging processes were carried out by inner tube, outer tube and both. Results indicated, PCM melting and solidification tim...

One of the major industry problems is the flow boiling, where reaching to the critical heat flux (CHF) condition can lead to a temperature jump and damage of the systems. In the present study, the effects of a uniform change in tube diameter on subcooled flow boiling and CHF was numerically investigated. The Euler-Euler model was used to investigate the relationship between the two liquid and v...

OBJECTIVES This study examined the perceptions of cigarette packaging and the potential impact of plain packaging regulations. The hypothesis was that the branded cigarette packages would be rated more positively than the corresponding plain packs with and without descriptors. DESIGN Between-subjects experimental online survey. Male and female participants were separately randomised to one of...