the marketing services and marketing margin of pistachio is reviewed as an agricultural product for export. about 90 percent of pistachio production is in kerman province, from which 60 percent is in rafsanjan. the results show that the share of the country in the world pistachio market is decreased in the last 10 years. the main problems for marketing are storing, packing and transporting.

Phenolic compounds, especially those of plant origin, constitute an essential part of the human diet, and are of considerable interest due to their antioxidant properties. In this study, Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE), Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE), as well as Maceration Extraction (ME) methods were applied for phenolic compounds’ extraction from pistachio green hull. Response surfa...

BACKGROUND Nuts are one of the main consumed snacks worldwide and also have an important role among Iranian's food habits. Natural contamination of nuts with aflatoxin is unavoidable and causes a special challenge for nuts safety and quality. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this research was to study the aflatoxin contamination in commercially-available nuts (pistachio, walnut and peanut) in the ma...

Wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica subsp. kurdica) is one of tree species that cover much of the forest in northwest of Iran and used in industries, medicine and as food. The present study describes callus induction of the P. atlantica subsp. kurdica using seedling stem explants and the influence of different plant growth regulators including kinetin, benzyladenine (BA), thidiazuron (TDZ), 6Ben...

ABSTRACT In a field trial in soil infested with Verticillium dahliae, we compared the yield, growth, incidence of symptoms of Verticillium wilt, and mortality of two interspecific hybrid pistachio tree rootstocks (UCBI and PGII) with the standard rootstocks: the V. dahliae-resistant and susceptible Pistacia integerrima and P. atlantica, respectively. After 10 years, the trees were destructively...

The carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller, 1839) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is the most important pest of pomegranate in Iran. As it has been rarely recorded on other host plants, control methods have mostly been focused on its populations on pomegranate. In this study, shapes and sizes of wings were compared in populations on 4 host plants (pomegranate, fig, pistachio and walnut) using a l...

Today’s software systems communicate over the Internet using standard protocols that have been heavily scrutinized, providing some assurance of resistance to malicious attacks and general robustness. However, the software that implements those protocols may still contain mistakes, and an incorrect implementation could lead to vulnerabilities even in the most well-understood protocol. The goal o...

The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum is unusual among eukaryotes in having both unicellular and multicellular stages. In the multicellular stage, some cells, called sentinels, ingest toxins, waste and bacteria. The sentinel cells ultimately fall away from the back of the migrating slug, thus removing these substances from the slug. However, some D. discoideum clones (called farmers) carry...

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality across globe. Activity status used as a social class marker CVDs. Objectives: The present study aimed to analyze associations between occupational CVDs in Iranian population. Methods: cross-sectional was conducted on 9,990 subjects aged 35-70 years enrolled Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS), one Prospective Epid...