In the south Sumatra region of Indonesia, tiger grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, and humpbuck grouper, Cromileptes altivelis, are commercially important fish species. Recently, however, mass mortalities of the two species have occurred in the region and the cause of these mortalities has not been clarified. We surveyed the distribution of fish viruses including viral nervous necrosis virus (...

The concept of a local audio environment is to have sound playback locally restricted such that, ideally, adjacent regions of an indoor or outdoor space could exhibit their own individual audio content without interfering with each other. This would enable people to listen to their content of choice without disturbing others next to them, yet, without any headphones to block conversation. In pr...

As part of a series of seismic experiments designed to improve the understanding of the impact of mining blasts on verifying a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, a sixteen station network of three-component seismic sensors were deployed around a large cast shot in the Black Thunder Mine. The seismic stations were placed, where possible, at a range of 2.5 kilometers with a constant inter-station spa...

This review is an updated version of a previous very brief overview[1] of the theory of vortons, meaning equilibrium states of cosmic string loops, and of the cosmological processes by which they can be produced in various scenarios. The main innovation here is to draw attention to the possibility of greatly enhanced vorton formation in cases for which the cosmic string current is of the strict...

This paper illustrates the patrimonial aspects to which water rights are subject in constitutional logic and effects that, of said ownership, radiate legislation. The purpose this is demonstrate what scope domain over extent institution can be framed within private Civil law. Likewise, it will analyzed how proposed amendments content strain –until fracture– link ownership with categories civil ...

Abstract Marine organisms have attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this study, peptides with osteogenic activity from Pinctada martensii were isolated and identified. Additionally, the effects of hydrolysates on MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation differentiation evaluated using MTT alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assays, respectively. First, trypsin, pancreatin, neutral protease used to hy...