We evaluated the effectiveness of commercial thinning mainly from below (CT; 0, 26%, 32% and 40% merchantable basal area removals) in meeting wood production demands and developing structural heterogeneity in a balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill) and spruce (Picea spp.) stand. After 10 years, 32%–40% removals showed a 12%–18% increase in mean diameter and 27%–38% increase in gross merchantabl...

—Disturbance in riparian areas of semiarid ecosystems involves complex interactions of pulsed hydrologic flows, herbivory, fire, climatic effects, and anthropogenic influences. We resampled riparian vegetation within ten 10-m × 100-m plots that were initially sampled in 1992 in 4 watersheds of the Snake Range, east central Nevada. Our finding of significantly lower coverage of grasses, forbs, a...

Automatic identification and mapping of tree species is an essential task in forestry conservation. However, applications that can geolocate individual trees identify their heterogeneous forests on a large scale are lacking. Here, we assessed the potential Convolutional Neural Network algorithm, Faster R-CNN, which efficient end-to-end object detection approach, combined with open-source aerial...

In the Nordic countries, growth of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) is generally limited by low availability of nutrients, especially nitrogen. Optimizing forest management requires better insight on how growth responds to the environmental conditions and their manipulation. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of nutrient optimization on timing and the rate of tracheid forma...

The water relations of Picea abies in a healthy stand with green trees only and a declining stand with trees showing different stages of needle yellowing were investigated in northern Bavaria. The present study is based on observations of trees differing in their nutritional status but apparently green on both sites in order to identify changes in the response pattern which might be caused by a...

Climate change is projected to trigger strong declines in the potential distribution of major tree species Europe. While minor natives have moved into spotlight as alternatives, their ecology often poorly understood. We use an ensemble modelling approach on a set promising native gain insights under different climate scenarios. Moreover, we identify urgency and altered distributions favor by co...

Pollen and plant macrofossil analyses supported with radiocarbon dating were conducted on a Holocene core from the peat bog Beliya Kanton (1547 m a.s.l.) located in Western Rhodope Mountains (South Bulgaria). In early until ~10 000 cal. BP mountain slopes covered by Pinus, admixed Betula, Juniperus shrubland of Ephedra among herb communities dominated Poaceae, Cichorioideae, Achillea, Artemisia...