نتایج جستجو برای: pial vessels blood flow
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In complete transposition of the great vessels the pulmonary and systemic circulations exist as two separate circuits. Although the pulmonary and the systemic blood flows may vary widely, the effective pulmonary blood flow is often small (Shaher, 1964). While the acid-base balance in the systemic circuit has been studied by several workers (Sunico, Harned, and Ordway, 1960; Gootman, Scarpelli, ...
INTRODUCTION Brain metastasis from non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) is rare. Herein, we describe the second reported case of brain metastasis from a NSGCT with high-flow arteriovenous (AV) shunts, and propose a novel surgical treatment plan. CLINICAL CASE The patient was a 34-year-old male who presented with hemiparesis and hemianesthesia. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed thre...
Methods for implatation of cranial windows for the direct observations of the pial microcirculation in experimental animals are described in detail. These techniques are suitable for both acute experiments in anesthetized animals and chronic implantation permitting several months of observation in awake animals. Experience over several years shows that these techniques have an acceptably low ra...
Endothelial cells (ECs) line the inside of blood vessels and respond to mechanical cues generated by blood flow. Mechanical stimuli regulate the localization of YAP by reorganizing the actin cytoskeleton. Here we demonstrate blood-flow-mediated regulation of endothelial YAP in vivo. We indirectly monitored transcriptional activity of Yap1 (zebrafish YAP) and its spatiotemporal localization in l...
Arteriogenesis requires growth of pre-existing arteriolar collateral networks and determines clinical outcome in arterial occlusive diseases. Factors responsible for the development of arteriolar collateral networks are poorly understood. The Notch ligand Delta-like 4 (Dll4) promotes arterial differentiation and restricts vessel branching. We hypothesized that Dll4 may act as a genetic determin...
Modified Hb solutions have been developed as O(2) carrier transfusion fluids, but of concern is the possibility that increased scavenging of nitric oxide (NO) within the plasma will alter vascular reactivity even if the Hb does not readily extravasate. The effect of decreasing hematocrit from approximately 30% to 18% by an exchange transfusion of a 6% sebacyl cross-linked tetrameric Hb solution...
CEREBRAL blood flow may be regulated by four major factors: chemical stimuli (blood gases and extracellular fluid pH), autoregulation, metabolic factors, and neural stimuli. The first three factors are clearly important in control of cerebral vessels. In contrast, we propose that, despite many years of intensive study, there is no convincing evidence that neural control plays an important role ...
Pial arteriovenous fistula (AVFs) are a rare, although clinically significant, vascular anomaly affecting the pediatric population, consisting of high-flow connection between one or more pial arteries and venous. In children, clinical presentation varies according to age, can present with high output cardiac failure, macrocrania, neurodevelopmental delay, seizures, venous infarctions due stenos...
During kidney development, the vasculature develops via both angiogenesis (branching from major vessels) and vasculogenesis (de novo vessel formation). The formation and perfusion of renal blood vessels are vastly understudied. In the present study, we investigated the regulatory role of renal blood flow and O2 concentration on nephron progenitor differentiation during ontogeny. To elucidate th...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Astrocytes, neurons, and microvessels together form a neurovascular unit allowing blood flow to match neuronal activity. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is an important signaling molecule in the brain, and dilation in response to ADP is astrocyte-dependent in rats and newborn pigs. Carbon monoxide (CO), produced endogenously by catabolism of heme to CO, iron, and biliverdin v...
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