OBJECTIVE To explore the applications of preoperative planning and virtual surgery including surgical windowing and elevating reduction and to determine the clinical effects of this technology on the treatment of Schatzker type III tibial plateau fractures. METHODS 32 patients with Schatzker type III tibial plateau fractures were randomised upon their admission to the hospital using a sealed ...

Heartbeats, muscle twitches, and lightning-fast thoughts are all manifestations of bioelectricity and rely on the activity of a class of membrane proteins known as ion channels. The basic function of an ion channel can be distilled into, "The hole opens. Ions go through. The hole closes." Studies of the fundamental mechanisms by which this process happens and the consequences of such activity i...

oligosaccharide prepared from Pl.-B was eluted as a single peak on both reversed-phase {RP-) HPLC and size-fractionation (SF-) HPLC, and its strueture was estimated to be Manoct-qManal -. 3)(Xylfi1-.2) Manfi1-4GlcNAcfi1-4(Fuc=1-3)GlcNAc by a combination of component analysis, successive exogl)'cosidase digestions, IS-MS anal)'sis, and 500MHz 'H-NMR, Two tryptic gl)'copeptides were isolated from...

Secondary plasmodesmata are cytoplasmic channels connecting adjacent plant cells that arise after cell division. How membrane-delimited channels penetrate cell walls is unknown, but now two genes, ISE1 and ISE2, are shown to be required for pathways that limit their formation.

A noncytotoxic serum factor was found in CLL serum which interfered with the response of normal lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). This factor was not produced by B-lymphocytes during short-term culture. This factor may contribute to the impaired lymphocyte responsiveness in CLL. In five of six patients, T-lymphocytes which were purified by passage over nylon wo...

BACKGROUND Behaviors involved in courtship and male-male combat have been recorded in a taxonomically broad sample (76 species in five families) of snakes in the clade Boidae + Colubroidea, but before now no one has attempted to find phylogenetic patterns in such behaviors. Here, we present a study of phylogenetic patterns in such behaviors in snakes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS From the l...

Recently, Governor Dewey treated a group of Northeastern Governors to the f ights a t Madison Square Garden af ter an in ter-Sta te food confab. When Dewey began introducing the visiting firemen to Lieut. Col. Edward P. Egan, Chairm a n of the State Athletic Commis sion, visiting Governor Colgate Darden, Jr. , of Virginia and the Colonel fell on each others' necks in a flurry of back-slapping a...

To study the heritability of different training stages of appetitive operant conditioning, we carried out behavioral screening of 5 standard inbred mouse strains, 28 recombinant-inbred (BxD) mouse lines and their progenitor strains C57BL/6J and DBA/2J. We also computed correlations between successive training stages to study whether learning deficits at an advanced stage of operant conditioning...

oligosaccharide prepared from Pl.-B was eluted as a single peak on both reversed-phase {RP-) HPLC and size-fractionation (SF-) HPLC, and its strueture was estimated to be Manoct-qManal -. 3)(Xylfi1-.2) Manfi1-4GlcNAcfi1-4(Fuc=1-3)GlcNAc by a combination of component analysis, successive exogl)'cosidase digestions, IS-MS anal)'sis, and 500MHz 'H-NMR, Two tryptic gl)'copeptides were isolated from...

Twenty patients with sickle cell disease (14 black females and 6 black males, mean age 31.5 +/- 9.3) were studied by quantitating peripheral T and B lymphocyte percentages and measuring lymphocyte blast transformation (LBT) in response to phytohemagglutinin-P, concanavalin-A and pokeweed mitogen. Compared to normal black controls (19 black females and 1 black male, mean age 32.0 +/- 9.2 years) ...