Wetland ecosystems are essential for maintaining biological diversity and significant elements of the global landscape. However, biodiversity wetlands has been significantly reduced by more than 50% worldwide due to rapid expansion urban areas other human activities. The aforementioned factors have resulted in drastic antagonistic effects on species composition, particularly aquatic avifauna. d...

Problem statement: Since the earliest publication on the technique, Reversed-Flow Gas Chromatography (RF-GC) has been used to determine physicochemical properties by measuring the value of one in the presence of another. The method is precise, accurate and simple compared to other conventional techniques. Approach: The experimental setup consists of a small modification of a commercial gas chro...

We have developed a modular pair of laboratory experiments for use both in undergraduate physical chemistry and biochemistry. Both laboratories examine the thermodynamics of the binding of a small molecule, eosin, to the protein lysozyme. The assay for binding is the quenching of lysozyme fluorescence by eosin through resonant energy transfer. In both experiments students measure fluorescence q...

Physical chemistry describes systems in terms of their energy and their boundary conditions. Quantitative knowledge of the future state of a system can be derived from a set of differential equations, relating to the functions defining that system, that provide reasonable estimates of its behavior. This approach, howe v e r, implies first the need to leave aside the individual characteristics o...

There is a widespread agreement that more effective drug delivery vehicles with more alternatives, as well as better active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), must be developed to improve the efficacy of microbicide products. For instance, in tropical regions, films are more appropriate than gels due to better stability of drugs at extremes of moisture and temperature. Here, we apply fundamenta...

Protein remote homology detection is one of the most important problems in bioinformatics. Discriminative methods such as support vector machines (SVM) have shown superior performance. However, the performance of SVM-based methods depends on the vector representations of the protein sequences. Prior works have demonstrated that sequence-order effects are relevant for discrimination, but little ...