BACKGROUND In an effort to identify previously unrecognized aspects of editorial decision-making, we explored the words and phrases that one group of editors used during their meetings. METHODS We performed an observational study of discussions at manuscript meetings at JAMA, a major US general medical journal. One of us (KD) attended 12 editorial meetings in 2003 as a visitor and took notes ...

In machine translation and man-machine dialogue, it is important to clarify referents of noun phrases. We present a method for determining the referents of noun phrases in Japanese sentences by using the referential properties, modifiers, and possessors of noun phrases. Since the Japanese language has no articles, it is difficult to decide whether a noun phrase has an antecedent or not. We had ...

The aim of this research is (1) to analyze the components noun phrase errors that are often made by students in introduction parts their undergraduate theses, (2) types (3) find out differences between theses. method used was mix method. instrument comprised observation and documentation. result as follows: most dominant component error UPI Unib a head error, type phrases addition error; howeve...