27 r Ostendorp, W. and Möller, J., 1991. EM-algorithm as a tool for structure analysis of stands of the common reed (Phragmites australis). Ecol. Modelling, 53: 27-38. The frequency distributions of morphometric and mechanical properties of randomly sampled stalks of seven reed stands at Lake Constance-Untersee are analysed by the Estimation-Maximisation Algorithm. The aim was to look for compo...

A description is given of Pythium litorale sp. nov., a new species from reed stands in Germany. Pythium litorale was among the most abundant species when the oomycete community of littoral soils of Lake Constance was studied. It was consistently isolated from flooded as well as from drier reed sites. The species is characterized by subglobose, papillate and internally proliferating sporangia, g...

Stagonospora sp. (4/99-1) is a beneficial endophytic fungus frequently transmitted by seeds of Phragmites australis [Cav.] Trin. ex Steudel. Here we show that this fungus also penetrates the root epidermis. At first, hyphae were attracted by the root and proliferated on the root surface, preferably over the anticlinal walls. Penetration occurred directly by undifferentiated hyphae or was facili...

Uncrewed aircraft systems (UASs) are a popular tool when surveilling for invasive alien plants due to their high spatial and temporal resolution. This study investigated the efficacy of UAS equipped with three-band (i.e., red, green, blue; RGB) sensor identify Phragmites australis in multiple Minnesota wetlands using object-based image analysis (OBIA) machine learning (ML) algorithms: artificia...