Supplying good quality of drinking water is a challenging task during the rainy season and floods. During this period water becomes highly polluted with suspended solids which increase the water turbidity. Alum is used to reduce the turbidity of the water. Typically in water treatment plants alum dosage is decided by the Jar test and the desired alum dosage is added manually. This research prop...

The straight-line method presented by Papadopulos requires a minimum of three observation wells for determining the transmissivity tensor of a homogeneous and anisotropic aquifer. A simplification of this method was developed for fractured aquifers where the principal directions of the transmissivity tensor are known prior to implementation, such as when fracture patterns on outcropping portion...

To further understanding of the environmental implications of rainwater harvesting and its water savings potential relative to conventional U.S. water delivery infrastructure, we present a method to perform life cycle assessment of domestic rainwater harvesting (DRWH) and agricultural rainwater harvesting (ARWH) systems. We also summarize the design aspects of DRWH and ARWH systems adapted to t...

Understanding and controlling the transport of water across nanochannels is of great importance for designing novel molecular devices, machines and sensors and has wide applications, including the desalination of seawater. Nanopumps driven by electric or magnetic fields can transport ions and magnetic quanta, but water is charge-neutral and has no magnetic moment. On the basis of molecular dyna...

Three different mathematical formulations for the scheduling of pumps to minimize energy consumption while still satisfying operational constraints are presented. Each formulation requires the solution of a highly nonlinear optimization problem that requires the iterative solution of an external numerical model for evaluating and satisfying the operational constraints. Two different algorithms ...

The effective actions of a scalar and massless spin-half field are determined as functions of the deformation of a symmetrically squashed three-sphere. The extreme oblate case is particularly examined as per-tinant to a high temperature statistical mechanical interpretation that may be relevant for the holographic principle. Interpreting the squashing parameter as a temperature, we find that th...

The effect of the discharge pressure on the performance of the trans-critical CO2 heat pump with a low gas-cooler outlet temperature is experimentally investigated on a test rig of water source heat-pump water heater. The optimal discharge pressure of the trans-critical CO2 heat pump is investigated under different external operation conditions. When the tap-water temperature is low, the charac...

<span lang="EN-US">This paper deals with an advanced design for a pump powered by solar energyto supply agricultural lands water and also the maximum power point is used to extract value of energy available inside panels comparing between techniques MPPT such as Incremental conductance, perturb & observe, fractional short current circuit, open voltage circuit find best technique a...

Nowadays, renewable energy sources play a major role in agricultural applications. The recommended Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm with DC-DC converter supports refining the output voltage. This is beneficial however since partial shading condition of PSO technique has high power fewer searching steps MPPT. objective this work to propose based boost using Space Vector Pulse Width Mo...

The growing market of large-power photovoltaic irrigation systems (PVISs)—made with different and several motor pumps working in parallel—needs simulation tools capable to estimate their energy water productivity. objective this paper is present the models developed for parallel multipump PVISs fed by a single PV generator. These seek maximize instantaneous flow rate according available power w...